{"id":13563,"date":"2022-06-06T16:46:34","date_gmt":"2022-06-06T23:46:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/?p=13563"},"modified":"2022-06-08T16:49:00","modified_gmt":"2022-06-08T23:49:00","slug":"i-prosecuted-nazis-at-nuremberg-heres-how-to-go-after-putin-and-his-thugs-usa-today","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/?p=13563","title":{"rendered":"\u201dI prosecuted Nazis at Nuremberg. Here\u2019s how to go after Putin and his thugs\u201d, USA Today"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ben\u00a0Ferencz,\u00a0Nuremberg prosecutor, June 5, 2022<\/p>\n<p><em>Russia&#8217;s unprovoked attack on Ukraine is the most egregious case of the crime of aggression in decades. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/opinion\/columnist\/2022\/06\/05\/putin-ukraine-trial-nuremberg\/9805197002\/?gnt-cfr=1\">We can build a solid case against President Vladimir Putin and other senior Russian officials.<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\">Russia&#8217;s full-scale invasion of Ukraine has caused immeasurable suffering and destruction. Already, extensive documentation indicates the Russian military is responsible for widespread war crimes and crimes against humanity.<\/p>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\">Indiscriminate attacks on civilians, sexual and gender-based violence, executions\u00a0and other international crimes committed in\u00a0<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/world\/2022\/04\/04\/bucha-ukraine-massacre-graphic-pictures-bodies-war-crimes\/7268437001\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">Bucha<\/a>,\u00a0<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/politics\/2022\/05\/24\/ukraine-live-updates-us-and-britain-accuse-russia-cyberattacks\/9904024002\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">Mariupol<\/a>,\u00a0<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/videos\/news\/nation\/2022\/04\/26\/russian-bombardment-kharkiv-continues\/9539144002\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">Kharkiv<\/a>,\u00a0<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/nation\/2022\/04\/22\/ukraine-rescuers-race-extract-refugees\/7318174001\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">Chernihiv<\/a>\u00a0and many other locations are\u00a0<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/av\/world-europe-61667252\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">now being investigated<\/a>so that the direct perpetrators and architects of these crimes can be prosecuted.<\/p>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\">Ukraine&#8217;s prosecutor general has taken prompt action, opening\u00a0<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/russia-ukraine-european-union-the-hague-netherlands-5748b63e4c7709abe145ed6646b88720\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">15,000 investigations so far<\/a>\u00a0into these atrocities. The international community&#8217;s response toward justice and accountability has also been swift and focused, with\u00a0<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.icc-cpi.int\/situations-under-investigations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">the International Criminal Court<\/a>\u00a0(ICC) and war crimes prosecutors in at least 10 countries\u00a0making significant efforts to open investigations.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"gnt_em gnt_em_img\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gnt_em_img_i\" src=\"https:\/\/www.gannett-cdn.com\/presto\/2022\/06\/01\/USAT\/adcf2b38-375b-423c-abaa-f124b1896032-NUREMBERG_FLORIDA_012.JPG?crop=6720,4480,x0,y0&amp;width=980&amp;height=654&amp;format=pjpg&amp;auto=webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.gannett-cdn.com\/presto\/2022\/06\/01\/USAT\/adcf2b38-375b-423c-abaa-f124b1896032-NUREMBERG_FLORIDA_012.JPG?crop=6720,4480,x0,y0&amp;width=1960&amp;height=1308&amp;format=pjpg&amp;auto=webp 2x\" alt=\"Benjamin Ferencz, 102, the last surviving prosecutor of the Nuremberg trials, at home in Delray Beach, Fla., on June 1, 2022.\" data-g-r=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"gnt_em_img_ccw__crd gnt_em_img_ccw__cap gnt_em_img_ccw\" data-c-caption=\"Benjamin Ferencz, 102, the last surviving prosecutor of the Nuremberg trials, at home in Delray Beach, Fla., on June 1, 2022.\" data-c-credit=\"Saul Martinez\/For USA TODAY\"><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\"><strong class=\"gnt_ar_b_al\">Putin&#8217;s other war:<\/strong><a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/opinion\/voices\/2022\/03\/09\/russians-fleeing-putin-ukraine\/9374147002\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|spike click:5|${u}\">Russians like me are fleeing a totalitarian crackdown at home<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\">I know firsthand of the magnitude of efforts required to put war criminals on trial. Seventy-five years ago,\u00a0<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\/content\/en\/article\/ben-ferencz-and-the-fight-for-international-justice#:~:text=Ferencz%20was%20only%2027%20years,more%20than%20one%20million%20victims.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">I put 22 Nazi officers on the stand<\/a>\u00a0for their role in killing more than a million men, women and children in cold blood in towns and villages across Eastern Europe.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"gnt_x gnt_m gnt_x__lbl gnt_x__al gnt_x__lh\">\n<div id=\"ad-slot-7103-usatoday-native-article_link-opinion-2\" class=\"gnt_x_sl gnt_x_al gnt_x__prmt\" data-g-r=\"lazy\" data-gl-method=\"lazyLoadX\" data-google-query-id=\"CPWxtvqQnPgCFc18Ygod4G4JxQ\"><\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\">The legacy of Nuremberg\u00a0\u2013 of which I am\u00a0<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/ben-ferencz-last-living-nuremberg-prosecutor-turns-102-60-minutes-2022-03-27\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">the last living prosecutor<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 is to have shown the world that it is possible to form a court that prosecutes heads of states, who are often immune to the rule of law, for extreme, wide-scale crimes.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"gnt_ar_b_h2\">I have spent my life working to deter atrocities<\/h2>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\"><a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/benferencz.org\/biography\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">Before heading to Nuremberg<\/a>, I served as a sergeant in the U.S. Army Infantry, and I was sent to the concentration camps as American forces were liberating them, to collect evidence of the war crimes.<\/p>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\"><strong class=\"gnt_ar_b_al\">Columnist Connie Schultz:<\/strong><a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/opinion\/columnist\/2022\/03\/11\/russia-and-ukraine-girl-sings-let-it-go\/6986475001\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|spike click:11|${u}\">The Ukrainian girl who sang &#8216;Let It Go&#8217; from a bomb shelter gave us all hope<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"gnt_ar_b\">\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\">The ground was covered with dead bodies and people almost dead, their eyes pleading for help. It was horror. Sadly, the evils that I saw there, and that I sought to correct at Nuremberg, are still with us today.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"gnt_em gnt_em_img\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gnt_em_img_i\" src=\"https:\/\/www.gannett-cdn.com\/presto\/2022\/06\/01\/USAT\/fe1da84e-7d05-40cd-b32c-008c31f17bf0-NUREMBERG_FLORIDA_021.JPG?crop=5294,3529,x0,y0&amp;width=980&amp;height=654&amp;format=pjpg&amp;auto=webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.gannett-cdn.com\/presto\/2022\/06\/01\/USAT\/fe1da84e-7d05-40cd-b32c-008c31f17bf0-NUREMBERG_FLORIDA_021.JPG?crop=5294,3529,x0,y0&amp;width=1960&amp;height=1308&amp;format=pjpg&amp;auto=webp 2x\" alt=\"Print photo copies of Benjamin Ferencz, while he served as a prosecutor during the Nuremberg trials, on a table at his home in Delray Beach, Fla., on June 1, 2022.\" data-g-r=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"gnt_em_img_ccw__crd gnt_em_img_ccw__cap gnt_em_img_ccw\" data-c-caption=\"Print photo copies of Benjamin Ferencz, while he served as a prosecutor during the Nuremberg trials, on a table at his home in Delray Beach, Fla., on June 1, 2022.\" data-c-credit=\"Saul Martinez\/For USA TODAY\"><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\">My life&#8217;s work has consisted of trying to deter the types of atrocities I prosecuted in Nuremberg. This is why I believe that, in addition to prosecuting war crimes and crimes against humanity, it is also critically important to prosecute the crime that was called &#8220;<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/harvardilj.org\/2017\/04\/continued-debate-over-the-crime-of-aggression-a-supreme-international-irony\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">the supreme international crime<\/a>&#8221; by the International Military Tribunal, which\u00a0<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\/content\/en\/article\/international-military-tribunal-at-nuremberg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">tried 21<\/a>of the most important surviving leaders of Nazi Germany: the crime of aggression.<\/p>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\"><strong class=\"gnt_ar_b_al\">Whole world watching:<\/strong><a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/opinion\/columnists\/2022\/04\/07\/russian-soldiers-war-crimes-ukraine-bellingcat\/7264216001\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|spike click:15|${u}\">Russians&#8217; war crimes will be documented. And prosecuted.<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\">Russia&#8217;s unprovoked military attack on Ukraine is the clearest and most egregious instance of the crime of aggression in decades, and building a solid case against President Vladimir Putin and other senior Russian officials is feasible, as shown by a\u00a0<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.justsecurity.org\/81411\/osji-model-indictment-for-the-crime-of-aggression-committed-against-ukraine\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">model indictment<\/a>\u00a0published by the legal advocacy group Open Society Justice Initiative.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"gnt_em gnt_em_img\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"gnt_em_img_i\" src=\"https:\/\/www.gannett-cdn.com\/presto\/2022\/06\/01\/USAT\/89870473-ce07-43d8-82d7-e1a7a94fe8d7-GettyImages-613498008.jpg?crop=3629,2862,x0,y0&amp;width=980&amp;height=773&amp;format=pjpg&amp;auto=webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.gannett-cdn.com\/presto\/2022\/06\/01\/USAT\/89870473-ce07-43d8-82d7-e1a7a94fe8d7-GettyImages-613498008.jpg?crop=3629,2862,x0,y0&amp;width=1960&amp;height=1546&amp;format=pjpg&amp;auto=webp 2x\" alt=\"Otto Ohlendorf, the former major general of the Nazi Secret Service and the leading defendant, is on the witness stand during the war crimes trial against the Einsatzgruppen at Nuremberg, Germany.\" data-g-r=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"gnt_em_img_ccw__crd gnt_em_img_ccw__cap gnt_em_img_ccw\" data-c-caption=\"Otto Ohlendorf, the former major general of the Nazi Secret Service and the leading defendant, is on the witness stand during the war crimes trial against the Einsatzgruppen at Nuremberg, Germany.\" data-c-credit=\"Hulton-Deutsch Collection\/Corbis Via Getty Images\"><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\">This is also the most straightforward basis on which to prosecute Putin because the crime of aggression focuses on state leaders, whereas in cases of war crimes or crimes against humanity, prosecutors must prove the linkage between the crimes carried out on the ground in Ukraine and faraway commanders in Moscow.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"gnt_ar_b_h2\">To prosecute Putin, we need a unique court<\/h2>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\">Ukraine announced a joint investigation team\u00a0with prosecutors from Ukraine, Lithuania\u00a0and Poland that focuses, in part, on gathering evidence toward Russia&#8217;s crime of aggression. Estonia, Latvia and Slovakia\u00a0<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/russia-ukraine-european-union-the-hague-netherlands-5748b63e4c7709abe145ed6646b88720\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">joined the JIT<\/a>\u00a0as well.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"gnt_x gnt_m gnt_x__lbl gnt_x__al\">\n<div id=\"ad-slot-7103-usatoday-native-article_link-opinion-3\" class=\"gnt_x_sl gnt_x_al\" data-g-r=\"lazy\" data-gl-method=\"lazyLoadX\" data-google-query-id=\"CPaxtvqQnPgCFc18Ygod4G4JxQ\"><\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\">While the ICC has joined the JIT and opened an investigation into crimes committed in Ukraine, because of a limitation in its statute, the ICC\u00a0<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.justsecurity.org\/80958\/ukraines-constitutional-constraints-how-to-achieve-accountability-for-the-crime-of-aggression\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">does not have jurisdiction<\/a>\u00a0over the crime of aggression committed by Russian nationals.<\/p>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\"><strong class=\"gnt_ar_b_al\">Unspeakable cruelty:<\/strong><a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/opinion\/columnist\/2022\/05\/14\/ukraine-russians-war-communism\/9706456002\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|spike click:23|${u}\">I saw Russians as victims of ignoble leaders. Then came the rage of their war in Ukraine.<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\">Prosecuting the crime of aggression will require a unique court capable of handling such a trial, characterized by two crucial features:<\/p>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\"><strong class=\"\">First, it must be capable of circumventing legal immunities that could apply to Putin and other top officials.<\/strong>\u00a0This would be the case for international courts and those formed with the support of the international community, where such immunities do not apply. Experts supporting the formation of a tribunal rightly prioritize options for an internationally backed court to prosecute Russia&#8217;s crime of aggression.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"gnt_x gnt_m gnt_x__lbl gnt_x__al\">\n<div id=\"ad-slot-7103-usatoday-native-article_link-opinion-4\" class=\"gnt_x_sl gnt_x_al\" data-g-r=\"lazy\" data-gl-method=\"lazyLoadX\" data-google-query-id=\"CPextvqQnPgCFc18Ygod4G4JxQ\"><\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\"><strong class=\"\">Second, such a court must have substantive real and perceived legitimacy.<\/strong>\u00a0An internationally backed tribunal, such as through the United Nations\u00a0General Assembly, would bolster impartiality and independence, which could be reinforced by ensuring that Ukrainian and international prosecutors and judges play a meaningful role. Such a tribunal could also include a broader mandate to cover war crimes and crimes against humanity cases not handled by the ICC.<\/p>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\"><strong class=\"gnt_ar_b_al\">Humanitarian efforts:<\/strong><a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/opinion\/contributors\/2022\/04\/06\/humanitarian-aid-refugees-ukraine-war-poland\/7250945001\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|spike click:28|${u}\">My dad and I went to Poland and Ukraine to help refugees, including teens just like me<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\">That is why states must come together to join the Ukrainian government in supporting the creation of a special tribunal to prosecute Putin and his inner cadre for the crime of aggression. This would provide a powerful demonstration of the international community\u2019s resolve to condemn Russia\u2019s invasion of Ukraine and to insist that acts of aggression be prosecuted.<\/p>\n<p class=\"gnt_ar_b_p\"><em class=\"\">Ben\u00a0Ferencz,\u00a0<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/ben-ferencz-last-living-nuremberg-prosecutor-turns-102-60-minutes-2022-03-27\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">102<\/a>, is the last living prosecutor at Nuremberg. He was chief prosecutor for the United States in the Einsatzgruppen case, which charged 22 Nazi officers with murdering more than a million people across Eastern Europe. The Associated Press called it &#8220;<a class=\"gnt_ar_b_a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/lifestyle\/style\/the-last-surviving-nuremberg-prosecutor-has-one-ultimate-dream\/2016\/08\/31\/3b1607e6-6b95-11e6-ba32-5a4bf5aad4fa_story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-t-l=\":b|e|inline click|${u}\">the biggest murder trial in history<\/a>.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ben\u00a0Ferencz,\u00a0Nuremberg prosecutor, June 5, 2022 Russia&#8217;s unprovoked attack on Ukraine is the most egregious case of the crime of aggression in decades. We can build a solid case against President Vladimir Putin and other senior Russian officials. Russia&#8217;s full-scale invasion of Ukraine has caused immeasurable suffering and destruction. Already, extensive documentation indicates the Russian military [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1001004,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13563"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1001004"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13563"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13563\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13565,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13563\/revisions\/13565"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13563"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13563"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13563"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}