{"id":13704,"date":"2022-07-24T02:41:49","date_gmt":"2022-07-24T09:41:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/?p=13704"},"modified":"2022-07-26T03:56:50","modified_gmt":"2022-07-26T10:56:50","slug":"message-of-the-day-war-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/?p=13704","title":{"rendered":"Message of the Day: War"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-13705\" src=\"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-300x201.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"201\" srcset=\"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-300x201.png 300w, https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-150x100.png 150w, https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-768x514.png 768w, https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-13706\" src=\"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-1-300x200.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-1-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-1-150x100.png 150w, https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-1-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-1.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-13707\" src=\"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-2-300x200.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-2-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-2-150x100.png 150w, https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-2-768x511.png 768w, https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-2.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 8pt;\"><em>Last Stand at Azovstal: Inside the Siege That Shaped the Ukraine War<\/em>, The New York Times, 7.24.2022<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>We waited until today to post, as The New York Times has done it again with an extraordinary and absolutely critical front page story in today&#8217;s Sunday edition.<\/p>\n<p>The Russian war of aggression in Ukraine may well end up defining the world for a long time to come in fundamental ways. The world kept it as a headline and 24-hour story for months.\u00a0Posts on our campaigns and documentary on this issue are<a href=\"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/?p=13268\"> here<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/?p=13395\">here<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/?p=13530\">here<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/?p=13636\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>It goes on and will for much longer. The Times is keeping it the headline it needs to be.<\/p>\n<p>Here is the article and links to other incredibly moving and illuminating related articles:<\/p>\n<p>Here is the article:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/europe\/ukraine-war-mariupol-azovstal.html\">&#8220;Last Stand at Azovstal: Inside the Siege That Shaped the Ukraine War&#8221;<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"byline-prefix\">By <\/span><span class=\"css-1baulvz last-byline\">Michael Schwirtz,\u00a0<\/span>July 24, 2022, The New York Times<\/p>\n<p><em>For 80 days, at a sprawling steelworks, a relentless Russian assault met unyielding Ukrainian resistance. This is how it was for those who fought, and for those trapped beneath the battlefield.<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"css-6n7j50\">\n<article id=\"story\" class=\"css-1ygeb3d e1lmdhsb0\">\n<div id=\"fullBleedHeaderContent\">\n<header class=\"css-nth1o5 evmxed20\">\n<div class=\"css-9fsmc8\">\n<figure class=\"sizeFull layoutHorizontal css-1ev11zu\">\n<div class=\"css-1f12o9l\"><picture><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal01\/24UkraineAzovstal01-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=600\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 3dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 288dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal01\/24UkraineAzovstal01-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1200\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal01\/24UkraineAzovstal01-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1800\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 1dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 96dpi)\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1k4o54s\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal01\/merlin_207364335_aff375d3-05b7-469b-9de6-13f938b6f392-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal01\/merlin_207364335_aff375d3-05b7-469b-9de6-13f938b6f392-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal01\/merlin_207364335_aff375d3-05b7-469b-9de6-13f938b6f392-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal01\/merlin_207364335_aff375d3-05b7-469b-9de6-13f938b6f392-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"By May, after months of battle, the Azovstal Iron and Steel Works was a charred skeleton.\" width=\"600\" height=\"385\" \/><\/picture><\/div><figcaption class=\"css-y5g5d7 e1maroi60\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">By May, after months of battle, the Azovstal Iron and Steel Works was a charred skeleton.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Pavel Klimov\/Reuters<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<section class=\"meteredContent css-1r7ky0e\">\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The two Mi-8 helicopters tore across enemy territory early on the morning of March 21, startling the Russian soldiers below. Inside were Ukrainian Special Forces fighters carrying crates of Stinger and Javelin missiles, as well as a satellite internet system. They were flying barely 20 feet above ground into the hottest combat zone in the war.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Ukraine\u2019s top generals had conceived the flights as a daring, possibly doomed, mission. A band of Ukrainian soldiers, running low on ammunition and largely without any communications, was holed up in a sprawling steel factory in the besieged city of Mariupol. The soldiers were surrounded by a massive Russian force and on the verge of annihilation.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The plan called for the Mi-8s to land at the factory, swap their cargo for wounded soldiers, and fly back to central Ukraine. Most everyone understood that the city and its defenders were lost. But the weapons would allow the soldiers to frustrate the Russian forces for a few weeks more, blunting the onslaught faced by Ukrainian troops elsewhere on the southern and eastern fronts and giving them time to prepare for a new Russian offensive there.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"storyline-menu-title\"><a class=\"css-nfyi9h\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/news-event\/ukraine-russia?name=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;region=TOP_BANNER&amp;block=storyline_menu_recirc&amp;action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;variant=show\"><span class=\"css-103u2dt\"><span class=\"css-1rxm0ex\" data-testid=\"text-balancer\">Russia-Ukraine<\/span><span class=\"css-1rxm0ex\" data-testid=\"text-balancer\"> War<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<ul class=\"css-go3nob\">\n<li class=\"css-1qej4jr\"><span class=\"css-fi5tub\" data-testid=\"menu-link\"><a class=\"css-etxl5s\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/live\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/ukraine-russia-war?name=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;region=TOP_BANNER&amp;block=storyline_menu_recirc&amp;action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;variant=show&amp;is_new=false\"><span class=\"css-knunh2\">Updates<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"css-1qej4jr\"><span class=\"css-fi5tub\" data-testid=\"menu-link\"><a class=\"css-etxl5s\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/interactive\/2022\/world\/europe\/ukraine-maps.html?name=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;region=TOP_BANNER&amp;block=storyline_menu_recirc&amp;action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;variant=show&amp;is_new=false\"><span class=\"css-knunh2\">Maps: Russia&#8217;s Invasion<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"css-1qej4jr\"><span class=\"css-fi5tub\" data-testid=\"menu-link\"><a class=\"css-etxl5s\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/live\/2022\/06\/18\/world\/ukraine-russia-news-deaths?name=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;region=TOP_BANNER&amp;block=storyline_menu_recirc&amp;action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;variant=show&amp;is_new=false\"><span class=\"css-knunh2\">Ukraine\u2019s War Dead<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"css-1qej4jr\"><span class=\"css-fi5tub\" data-testid=\"menu-link\"><a class=\"css-etxl5s\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/article\/russia-invades-ukraine-photos.html?name=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;region=TOP_BANNER&amp;block=storyline_menu_recirc&amp;action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;variant=show&amp;is_new=false\"><span class=\"css-knunh2\">Photos<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"css-1qej4jr\"><span class=\"css-fi5tub\" data-testid=\"menu-link\"><a class=\"css-etxl5s\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/article\/russian-civilian-attacks-ukraine.html?name=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;region=TOP_BANNER&amp;block=storyline_menu_recirc&amp;action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;variant=show&amp;is_new=false\"><span class=\"css-knunh2\">Attacks on Civilians<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cIt was so important to the guys, who were fully encircled, to know that we had not abandoned them, that we would fly to them, risking our lives to take their wounded and bring them ammunition and medicine,\u201d said a military intelligence officer with the call sign Flint, who was on the first flight and described the operation to The New York Times, along with three others involved. \u201cThis was our main goal.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">As the two Mi-8s drew closer, they banked hard over the Sea of Azov, flying just above the water\u2019s surface to avoid Russian radar. Then it appeared, the Azovstal Iron and Steel Works, the last bastion of the Ukrainian defenders. In a video from the flight, Azovstal looms like a besieged industrial fortress, bathed in early morning sunlight.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Beyond it was Mariupol, a city reduced in less than four weeks to a smoldering shell. Corpses littered the streets, while the living, those who remained, were mostly below ground, hungry and scared, emerging from basements only to scrounge for water and food.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cIt was a sad sight,\u201d said Flint, who was on the lead helicopter. \u201cIt was already mostly in ruins.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"link-30413d35\" class=\"css-xactqe eoo0vm40\">The Prize<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<figure class=\"sizeLarge css-igpnju\" data-testid=\"VideoBlock\">\n<div class=\"css-bsn42l\">\n<p><span class=\"css-1dv1kvn\">Video<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"css-11kuxu4\">\n<div class=\"css-122y91a\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-c7hxrg\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/20\/Vid-Azovstal-THE-PRIZE-image\/Vid-Azovstal-THE-PRIZE-image-videoSixteenByNine1050.jpg\" alt=\"Cinemagraph\" \/><video class=\"cinemagraph_video css-c7hxrg\" src=\"https:\/\/vp.nyt.com\/video\/2022\/07\/20\/101583_1_Vid-Azovstal-THE-PRIZE_wg_480p.mp4\" autoplay=\"autoplay\" loop=\"loop\" muted=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" data-testid=\"cinemagraph\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/video><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css-y5g5d7 e1maroi60\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">The Azovstal steel works rises up from Mariupol\u2019s city center, a giant industrial complex in the heart of a port city, as seen in this drone footage recorded by a Times reporter on Jan. 20, 2022, a month before Russia invaded.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">For the Kremlin, Mariupol was a prize.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Barely had President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia given the order to invade Ukraine, on Feb. 24, when Russian soldiers began pouring over the border in tanks and armored vehicles, rolling toward the city, a strategic port on the Sea of Azov. Missiles streaked through the pre-dawn darkness, slamming into apartment buildings and wounding the first civilians of the war.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">What Mr. Tskitishvili did not know was that Ukraine\u2019s military was also arriving at Azovstal. To the Ukrainian soldiers, the plant was a stronghold, surrounded on three sides by water, ringed by high walls, as seemingly impregnable as a medieval keep. It was the perfect place to make a last stand.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThe military never told us, and we never supposed that they would deploy with us,\u201d Mr. Tskitishvili said in an interview. \u201cWe planned only for the civilian population, and only as refuge from attack. We did not consider ourselves to be participants in the war.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">For the next 80 days, Azovstal would be a fulcrum of the war, as Russian brutality collided with Ukrainian resistance. What began as an accident \u2014 civilians and soldiers barricaded together inside an industrial complex nearly twice as large as Midtown Manhattan \u2014 became a bloody siege as roughly 3,000 Ukrainian fighters kept a vastly larger Russian force bogged down in a quagmire that brought misery and death on both sides.<\/p>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Mariupol stood in the way of one of Mr. Putin\u2019s key aims: the creation of a land bridge linking Russian territory to Crimea, the strategic peninsula in southern Ukraine that Russia annexed in 2014. But the fight also fit the Kremlin\u2019s war narrative. Though several military groups were at Azovstal, many of its defenders were members of the Azov Regiment, a strongly nationalistic group of fighters whose fame in Ukraine and early connections to far-right political figures have been used by the Kremlin to falsely depict the entire country as fascist.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><picture><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal02\/24UkraineAzovstal02-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=600\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 3dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 288dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal02\/24UkraineAzovstal02-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1200\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal02\/24UkraineAzovstal02-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1800\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 1dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 96dpi)\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-r3fift\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal02\/merlin_147798441_62ae8bd2-d6f7-4a3b-96b6-701a172bb214-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal02\/merlin_147798441_62ae8bd2-d6f7-4a3b-96b6-701a172bb214-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal02\/merlin_147798441_62ae8bd2-d6f7-4a3b-96b6-701a172bb214-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal02\/merlin_147798441_62ae8bd2-d6f7-4a3b-96b6-701a172bb214-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"Mariupol in 2018. For the Kremlin, the city was a key link in a land bridge between territories it had seized years earlier.\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" \/><\/picture><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-large css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\"><figcaption class=\"css-vwjwk3 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">Mariupol in 2018. For the Kremlin, the city was a key link in a land bridge between territories it had seized years earlier.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Brendan Hoffman for The New York Times<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Destroying them was central to the Kremlin\u2019s often-repeated goal of \u201cdenazifying\u201d Ukraine.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">In Ukraine, the battle for Azovstal has already become legend, though a comprehensive account of the siege and the struggle for survival by the troops and civilians inside has been slow to emerge. Dozens of interviews conducted by The Times with defenders and civilians who were at Azovstal, including soldiers who were captured and later released by Russia, along with top military officials and international arbiters involved in negotiating evacuations, paint a picture of an apocalyptic siege that became Ukraine\u2019s version of the Alamo.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">In a war largely fought by anonymous soldiers far from the cameras, commanders and regular fighters at Azovstal spoke to journalists and beamed video testimonials to the world on Telegram. Capt. Svyatoslav Palamar, the deputy commander of the Azov Regiment at the plant, spent his days and nights fighting above ground, then broadcast his impressions in video messages when he retreated to the bunkers beneath Azovstal.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-large css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\">\n<div class=\"css-1xdhyk6 erfvjey0\">\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal03\/24UkraineAzovstal03-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=600\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 3dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 288dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal03\/24UkraineAzovstal03-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1200\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal03\/24UkraineAzovstal03-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1800\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 1dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 96dpi)\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal03\/merlin_206459445_21664e7a-e163-462a-9da7-4e3a61e557dd-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal03\/merlin_206459445_21664e7a-e163-462a-9da7-4e3a61e557dd-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal03\/merlin_206459445_21664e7a-e163-462a-9da7-4e3a61e557dd-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal03\/merlin_206459445_21664e7a-e163-462a-9da7-4e3a61e557dd-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"Pro-Russian troops firing from a tank during fighting near the Azovstal steel plant. In Ukraine, the battle for Azovstal has already become legend.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css-vwjwk3 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">Pro-Russian troops firing from a tank during fighting near the Azovstal steel plant. In Ukraine, the battle for Azovstal has already become legend.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Alexander Ermochenko\/Reuters<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cWe have fought with a group that is many times stronger than we are and have tied them down and not let them move further into Ukrainian territory,\u201d Captain Palamar said in a telephone interview from Azovstal in late April. \u201cBut at the same time, the situation is difficult, actually critical.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Ultimately, Azovstal became a trap. The presence of civilians hampered the soldiers\u2019 ability to defend themselves. The presence of soldiers meant the civilians had to endure a vicious siege as food and clean water ran out.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Natalya Babeush, who worked as a high-pressure boiler operator at the plant before seeking refuge in one of the shelters, described a hunger so pernicious that children began to draw pictures of pizza and cake. As a volunteer cook for her bunker, she went above ground each day to prepare meals of thin soup and fried dough on a makeshift stove constructed of brick and metal gratings, as jets flew overhead dropping bombs.<\/p>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Twice her kitchen was blown up by Russian rockets.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cYou\u2019d hear a jet, grab your frying pan and run to hide, counting how many bombs the plane dropped,\u201d she said. \u201cWhen it\u2019s flying there above your head and all around there are explosions, you understand that your life is simply, well, it\u2019s not worth anything.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<h2 id=\"link-642c097a\" class=\"css-xactqe eoo0vm40\">\u2018I Thought I Was Safe\u2019<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-large css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\">\n<div class=\"css-1xdhyk6 erfvjey0\">\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal04\/24UkraineAzovstal04-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=600\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 3dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 288dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal04\/24UkraineAzovstal04-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1200\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal04\/24UkraineAzovstal04-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1800\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 1dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 96dpi)\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal04\/merlin_206697651_7c2c85b2-d1f7-4a82-9c0e-edb2085e1756-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal04\/merlin_206697651_7c2c85b2-d1f7-4a82-9c0e-edb2085e1756-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal04\/merlin_206697651_7c2c85b2-d1f7-4a82-9c0e-edb2085e1756-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal04\/merlin_206697651_7c2c85b2-d1f7-4a82-9c0e-edb2085e1756-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"Natalya Babeush, left, who worked as a high-pressure boiler operator at the plant before seeking refuge in one of the shelters, described a hunger so pernicious that children began to draw pictures of pizza and cake.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css-vwjwk3 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">Natalya Babeush, left, who worked as a high-pressure boiler operator at the plant before seeking refuge in one of the shelters, described a hunger so pernicious that children began to draw pictures of pizza and cake.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Gleb Garanich\/Reuters<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">To Ms. Babeush and many others, Azovstal meant family. Her brother worked there. So did her husband. Generations of Mariupol families had worked at the plant since it opened in 1933, when Ukraine was part of Stalin\u2019s Soviet Union. Later, when World War II left the plant in ruins, citizens of Mariupol made donations to help rebuild it.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cFor people, especially after the war, the factory was a lifeline in terms of work, in terms of stability,\u201d Ms. Babeush said. \u201cEven before this war, there really wasn\u2019t any other kind of work except for work in the factories.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Unlike other industrial relics of that era, Azovstal thrived long after the Soviet Union collapsed. Metal from its furnaces was used for the protective sarcophagus around the damaged Chernobyl nuclear plant, as well as for more recent projects including Hudson Yards in New York, the Shard in London and Apple\u2019s headquarters in California.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">But Azovstal sat along one of the world\u2019s bloodiest geostrategic fault lines. In 2014, when Russia annexed Crimea, Russian troops together with local separatists seized surrounding territory in the eastern Donbas region. The separatists occupied Mariupol for weeks before pro-Ukrainian forces, including Azov fighters, pushed them out.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">For several years, as the war in the Donbas simmered, Azovstal executives ordered employees to revamp the decaying bomb shelters and stock them with food and water. Mariupol was only a few miles from the \u201ccontact line\u201d that demarcated the territory controlled by the separatists.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div id=\"story-ad-5-wrapper\" class=\"css-qlhgae\">\n<div id=\"story-ad-5-slug\" class=\"css-l9onyx\">\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal05\/24UkraineAzovstal05-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=600\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 3dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 288dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal05\/24UkraineAzovstal05-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1200\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal05\/24UkraineAzovstal05-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1800\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 1dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 96dpi)\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal05\/merlin_204849246_6f8d4247-c74a-4d3d-828f-c23f47e5b377-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal05\/merlin_204849246_6f8d4247-c74a-4d3d-828f-c23f47e5b377-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal05\/merlin_204849246_6f8d4247-c74a-4d3d-828f-c23f47e5b377-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal05\/merlin_204849246_6f8d4247-c74a-4d3d-828f-c23f47e5b377-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"A maternity hospital damaged by shelling, on March 9. Ms. Babeush initially refused to leave her home, even as the rockets began striking nearby apartment buildings.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-large css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\"><figcaption class=\"css-vwjwk3 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">A maternity hospital damaged by shelling, on March 9. Ms. Babeush initially refused to leave her home, even as the rockets began striking nearby apartment buildings.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Evgeniy Maloletka\/Associated Press<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cFor eight years, we had become accustomed in Mariupol to explosions from time to time,\u201d said Mr. Tskitishvili, the plant\u2019s general manager. \u201cWe often heard shells explode \u2014 we heard the fighting and so we grew used to it.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">But that changed on Feb. 24 when Russian forces invaded the entire country.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Senior Sgt. Sergei Medyanyk, a soldier with the Azov Regiment, was at his barracks outside of Mariupol. His wife, Yulia Polyakova, a soldier with Ukraine\u2019s National Guard, was at their home in the city. Both were woken at 4 a.m. and ordered to prepare for war.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cWe did not really understand what was happening,\u201d Sergeant Medyanyk said. \u201cWe thought maybe it was a training exercise.\u201d<\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<section class=\"css-1iamamn\">\n<h2 id=\"styln-toplinks-title\" class=\"css-4od1bx\">Better Understand the Russia-Ukraine War<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"css-10ikpw\">\n<li><strong>History<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong>\u00a0Here\u2019s what to know about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/02\/18\/world\/europe\/russia-ukraine-timeline.html?action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;state=default&amp;module=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;variant=show&amp;region=MAIN_CONTENT_1&amp;block=storyline_top_links_recirc\">Russia and Ukraine\u2019s <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/02\/18\/world\/europe\/russia-ukraine-timeline.html?action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;state=default&amp;module=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;variant=show&amp;region=MAIN_CONTENT_1&amp;block=storyline_top_links_recirc\">relationship<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/article\/russia-ukraine-nato-europe.html?action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;state=default&amp;module=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;variant=show&amp;region=MAIN_CONTENT_1&amp;block=storyline_top_links_recirc\">the causes of the conflict<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>On the Ground<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong>\u00a0Russian and Ukrainian forces are using a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/explain\/2022\/03\/25\/us\/weapons-ukraine-war?action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;state=default&amp;module=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;variant=show&amp;region=MAIN_CONTENT_1&amp;block=storyline_top_links_recirc\">bevy of weapons<\/a>\u00a0as a deadly war of attrition <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/interactive\/2022\/world\/europe\/ukraine-maps.html?action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;state=default&amp;module=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;variant=show&amp;region=MAIN_CONTENT_1&amp;block=storyline_top_links_recirc\">grinds on in eastern Ukraine<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Outside Pressures: <\/strong>Governments, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/explain\/2022\/03\/01\/sports\/russia-ukraine-war-sports?action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;state=default&amp;module=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;variant=show&amp;region=MAIN_CONTENT_1&amp;block=storyline_top_links_recirc\">sports organizations<\/a>\u00a0and businesses are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/article\/russia-us-ukraine-sanctions.html?action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;state=default&amp;module=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;variant=show&amp;region=MAIN_CONTENT_1&amp;block=storyline_top_links_recirc\">taking steps to punish Russia<\/a>.\u00a0Here is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/article\/russia-invasion-companies.html?action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;state=default&amp;module=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;variant=show&amp;region=MAIN_CONTENT_1&amp;block=storyline_top_links_recirc\">a list of companies that have pulled out of the country<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Updates: <\/strong>To receive the latest updates in your inbox, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/newsletters\/russia-ukraine-war-briefing?action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;state=default&amp;module=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;variant=show&amp;region=MAIN_CONTENT_1&amp;block=storyline_top_links_recirc\">sign up here<\/a>. The Times has also <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/03\/14\/world\/europe\/telegram-nyt.html?action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;state=default&amp;module=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;variant=show&amp;region=MAIN_CONTENT_1&amp;block=storyline_top_links_recirc\">launched a Telegram channel<\/a>\u00a0to make its journalism more accessible around the world.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Anna Zaitseva and her husband, Kirill, who worked at Azovstal, bundled their infant son and rushed to take shelter at the factory. She had been so stressed during the Russian military buildup before the war, she said, that she had stopped lactating.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cWe came to the shelter,\u201d she recalled, \u201cand took with us only what was necessary, like very big blankets, some food, water, documents and some baby formula.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Ms. Babeush initially refused to leave her home, even as the rockets began striking nearby apartment buildings and cars burned on the streets. By March 2, the city no longer had working electricity, water or cellphone service, and Ms. Babeush and her husband finally fled on foot to Azovstal, taking cover from shelling every few minutes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div id=\"story-ad-6-wrapper\" class=\"css-qlhgae\">\n<div id=\"story-ad-6-slug\" class=\"css-l9onyx\">\n<p>Ms. Babeush took up residence in a bunker below the rail and beam shop where her husband worked, fashioning a bed out of planks, some rubber sheeting and rags.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThat first night was the first time in a while that I slept,\u201d she said. \u201cHonestly, I thought I was safe.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"link-58bbcd76\" class=\"css-xactqe eoo0vm40\">A City Within a City<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\">\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal06\/24UkraineAzovstal06-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=600\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 3dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 288dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal06\/24UkraineAzovstal06-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1200\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal06\/24UkraineAzovstal06-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1800\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 1dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 96dpi)\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal06\/merlin_207960474_de1459c6-a25b-43c9-afe8-a54867cee83c-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal06\/merlin_207960474_de1459c6-a25b-43c9-afe8-a54867cee83c-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal06\/merlin_207960474_de1459c6-a25b-43c9-afe8-a54867cee83c-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal06\/merlin_207960474_de1459c6-a25b-43c9-afe8-a54867cee83c-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2000w\" alt=\"Russia\u2019s military hit so hard and so fast that Ukrainian defenses along Mariupol\u2019s perimeter melted within days.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-large css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\"><figcaption class=\"css-vwjwk3 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">Russia\u2019s military hit so hard and so fast that Ukrainian defenses along Mariupol\u2019s perimeter melted within days.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Evgeniy Maloletka\/Associated Press<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Russia\u2019s military hit so hard and so fast that Ukrainian defenses along Mariupol\u2019s perimeter melted within days.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Sergeant Medyanyk was manning a Soviet-era vehicle armed with a small-caliber machine gun when an enormous column of Russian tanks, escorted by fighter jets, bore down on his position.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThis was my war baptism,\u201d he said. \u201cWe had nothing to use against aviation, and so to avoid losses, we did what we could and fell back.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Almost no one thought Ukraine had a chance. But in many cities, the Ukrainian military fought the invaders to a standstill, spoiling the Kremlin\u2019s plans to quickly seize the capital, Kyiv, and halting an advance along Ukraine\u2019s southern Black Sea coast toward Odesa.<\/p>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Mariupol was different. Russian troops lunged from two directions, closing the city in a vise, routing Ukrainian soldiers in the first few weeks, and pushing them back to the sea and toward Azovstal. Soldiers from different units arrived at the factory, and Captain Palamar and other Azov officers set up a command center.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cWe moved and moved and moved toward the territory of the factory because it was the only place that remained,\u201d Captain Palamar said in an interview.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<section id=\"mariupol-damage-assessment\" class=\"interactive-content interactive-size-scoop css-1fwl6kh\" data-id=\"100000008381737\" data-source-id=\"100000008381737\">\n<header id=\"interactive-header\" class=\"css-cl76n0 interactive-header\">\n<h2 id=\"interactive-headline\" class=\"css-mtc3zd interactive-headline\">Assessing the Damage Across Mariupol<\/h2>\n<p id=\"interactive-leadin\" class=\"css-1qa9noj interactive-leadin\" data-testid=\"leadin\">An analysis by The New York Times of satellite data collected before and during the war found many buildings that were most likely destroyed or significantly damaged this year.<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"css-17ih8de interactive-body\" data-sourceid=\"100000008381737\">\n<div id=\"g-Mariupol-SAR-box\" class=\"ai2html ai2html-responsive ai2html-resizer\">\n<div class=\"g-sar-map-key\"><span class=\"g-sar-map-key1\">Buildings likely destroyed or damaged<\/span> <span class=\"g-sar-map-key2\">Damaged schools<\/span><\/div>\n<div id=\"g-Mariupol-SAR-Map900\" class=\"g-artboard\" data-aspect-ratio=\"0.974\" data-min-width=\"600\" data-max-width=\"1049\">\n<div><\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"g-Mariupol-SAR-Map900-img\" class=\"g-Mariupol-SAR-Map900-img g-aiImg\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/newsgraphics\/2022\/06\/02\/mariupol-damage-sar\/b30d3b3d2722222a714b2d0fc3f4fc5784dceede\/Mariupol-SAR-Map900.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/newsgraphics\/2022\/06\/02\/mariupol-damage-sar\/b30d3b3d2722222a714b2d0fc3f4fc5784dceede\/Mariupol-SAR-Map900.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"g-symbol-layer g-schools\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Azovstal Steel Plant<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<footer id=\"interactive-footer\" class=\"css-nt2azn interactive-footer\">\n<p id=\"interactive-notes\" class=\"css-1648plh interactive-notes\" data-testid=\"note\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Note: The red areas on the main map show estimates of significant change to building shapes based on data collected between Feb. 4 and May 27.<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"interactive-source\" class=\"css-1648plh interactive-source\" data-testid=\"source\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Sources: European Space Agency, Sentinel-1 (radar data); OpenStreetMap (building data)<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"interactive-credit\" class=\"css-1648plh interactive-credit\" data-testid=\"credit\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">By Marco Hernandez<\/span><\/p>\n<\/footer>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The city itself was collateral damage. Snow disappeared from courtyards as people gathered it for drinking water. Residents cooked outdoors on wood-fired stoves, ducking into basements when Russian jets flew overhead.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cAfter a direct hit from those shells, nothing remains,\u201d said Elina Tsybulchenko, who fled on foot to Azovstal with her family and two dogs. \u201cEverything inside burns and explodes into small pieces, flying in all directions, and disintegrates as if there was nothing ever there, not people, furniture, not appliances or walls or plumbing. It all just disappears.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Soon, Azovstal began filling up with civilians who did not know that elsewhere on the vast grounds, soldiers were arriving, too. \u201cIf I had known there would be soldiers,\u201d Ms. Tsybulchenko said, \u201cwe would have perhaps looked for another place to hide.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">But by early March, several thousand Ukrainian troops had converged inside Azovstal, and soldiers and civilians realized they were sharing the same refuge. Communications to the outside world were cut as Russian forces steadily took all but a few pockets of the city.<\/p>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThe encirclement was so dense there was no possibility to reach them,\u201d said Flint, the Ukrainian military intelligence officer, \u201ceither by land or by the Azov Sea, which was fully controlled by the Russian Navy.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal07\/24UkraineAzovstal07-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=600\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 3dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 288dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal07\/24UkraineAzovstal07-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1200\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal07\/24UkraineAzovstal07-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1800\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 1dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 96dpi)\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal07\/merlin_203833812_a0f7219c-a26f-4157-a3cf-ae690603597f-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal07\/merlin_203833812_a0f7219c-a26f-4157-a3cf-ae690603597f-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal07\/merlin_203833812_a0f7219c-a26f-4157-a3cf-ae690603597f-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal07\/merlin_203833812_a0f7219c-a26f-4157-a3cf-ae690603597f-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"The city itself was collateral damage. Snow disappeared from courtyards as people gathered it for drinking water. Residents cooked outdoors on wood-fired stoves, ducking into basements when Russian jets flew overhead.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-large css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\"><figcaption class=\"css-vwjwk3 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">The city itself was collateral damage. Snow disappeared from courtyards as people gathered it for drinking water. Residents cooked outdoors on wood-fired stoves, ducking into basements when Russian jets flew overhead.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Evgeniy Maloletka\/Associated Press<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">But Ukrainian fighters were still slipping into Mariupol. Bohdan Tsymbal, an Azov junior sergeant, staged lighting raids with his artillery unit to skirmish with Russian fighters and gather supplies for the civilians inside the plant. He and his older brother, Anton, had joined Azov right out of school. They were boys when their nearby village was occupied by separatists in 2014, and it was the Azov troops who liberated them.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThese guys gave up their lives and their health to free my village from these scoundrels,\u201d said Sergeant Tsymbal, 20. \u201cThat\u2019s why I chose this path.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">On one of the raids, Sergeant Tsymbal\u2019s unit slipped out of Azovstal and came under heavy fire. He was struck several times. For nearly 90 minutes, he lay bleeding in the rubble, not far from the factory, before he was rescued and taken to the makeshift field hospital inside Azovstal. Medics operated on him in the dim light of a bunker.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Azovstal was becoming a horror show. Civilians and soldiers were short of food, weapons and medicine to treat dozens of wounded troops. Soldiers were dying from even minor wounds.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">There was no way out.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The question was whether there was a way in.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"link-774b95c4\" class=\"css-xactqe eoo0vm40\">Operation Air Corridor<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<figure class=\"sizeLarge css-igpnju\" data-testid=\"VideoBlock\">\n<div class=\"css-bsn42l\">\n<p><span class=\"css-1dv1kvn\">Video<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"css-11kuxu4\">\n<div class=\"css-122y91a\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-c7hxrg\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/20\/Vid-Azovstal-Open-Air-Corridor-image\/Vid-Azovstal-Open-Air-Corridor-image-videoSixteenByNine1050.jpg\" alt=\"Cinemagraph\" \/><video class=\"cinemagraph_video css-c7hxrg\" src=\"https:\/\/vp.nyt.com\/video\/2022\/07\/20\/101584_1_Vid-Azovstal-Open-Air-Corridor_wg_480p.mp4\" autoplay=\"autoplay\" loop=\"loop\" muted=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" data-testid=\"cinemagraph\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/video><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css-y5g5d7 e1maroi60\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">On March 21, Ukrainian military aboard a Mi-8 helicopter delivered ammunition and Starlink internet equipment to the besieged fighters at the Azovstal plant. Wounded soldiers were then flown back. This footage was provided to The New York Times with faces already blurred by a military intelligence officer who was aboard the flight.<\/span>\u00a0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The two Mi-8 helicopters navigated through the loading cranes of Mariupol\u2019s port and descended into the Azovstal complex. Flint, the intelligence officer, jumped out with the Special Forces team and quickly began offloading green crates of weapons and ammunition.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Soldiers wrapped in blankets and sleeping bags, some missing arms and legs, were hoisted into the helicopters, whose rotors never stopped spinning. They lifted off with eight or nine wounded fighters that day, Flint said, some of whom were conscious enough to show off cellphone videos of the intense fighting they had endured.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The March 21 mission, captured on videos provided by Flint, lasted only 20 minutes on the ground. \u201cThere was just this feeling of happiness, emotional satisfaction that we were able to get these guys out,\u201d Flint said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">In all, Operation Air Corridor, as the effort was known to participants, managed to land helicopters at Azovstal seven times during the next two weeks and rescue 85 gravely wounded soldiers, Flint said. A heavily sedated Sergeant Tsymbal was among those evacuated.<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-kubehw\">\n<div class=\"css-8atqhb\">\n<h2 id=\"storyline-latest-updates\" class=\"css-z7pzx3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/live\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/ukraine-russia-war?name=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;region=MAIN_CONTENT_2&amp;block=storyline_latest_updates_recirc&amp;action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;variant=show&amp;index=1\">Live Updates:\u00a0Russia-Ukraine War<\/a><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"css-15zvb7e\">\n<li class=\"css-10f7xa5\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/live\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/ukraine-russia-war?name=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;region=MAIN_CONTENT_2&amp;block=storyline_latest_updates_recirc&amp;action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;variant=show&amp;index=2#russia-torture-ukraine-human-rights-watch\">\u2018An abyss of fear\u2019: A report accuses Russia of further abuses against civilians.<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"css-10f7xa5\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/live\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/ukraine-russia-war?name=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;region=MAIN_CONTENT_2&amp;block=storyline_latest_updates_recirc&amp;action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;variant=show&amp;index=2#despite-aiding-in-the-ukraine-grain-deal-turkeys-leader-remains-a-headache-for-biden\">Despite aiding in the Ukraine grain deal, Turkey\u2019s leader remains a headache for Biden.<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"css-10f7xa5\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/live\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/ukraine-russia-war?name=styln-russia-ukraine&amp;region=MAIN_CONTENT_2&amp;block=storyline_latest_updates_recirc&amp;action=click&amp;pgtype=Article&amp;variant=show&amp;index=2#fears-rise-for-a-rights-activist-captured-while-fighting-for-ukraine\">A rights activist becomes a soldier, and then a Russian hostage.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"storyline-survey-latest-updates\" class=\"styln-survey-component\">But the helicopters also brought in other soldiers, mostly volunteers, including Pvt. Nikita Zherdev of the Azov Regiment. His father had died in the shelling of Mariupol weeks earlier, and he wrote his sister before taking off telling her to learn to take care of herself. He did not tell her what he thought: that he did not expect to leave alive.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cAs soon as we landed at Azovstal, I understood that, wow, things are really happening here,\u201d he said. \u201cEverything was covered in smoke. Everything was under fire. The people who greeted us, shouted, \u2018Faster, faster, faster \u2014 there are airstrikes every five minutes, the jets are coming.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">A native of Mariupol, Private Zherdev already knew the troops at Azovstal, but the men he found were withered specters of those soldiers, hungry and exhausted and covered in blood and gun oil after weeks of constant fighting. They were shocked to see him.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cYou see what\u2019s happening,\u201d he recalled one soldier telling him. \u201cWhy do you want to die here with us?\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov2-print\/24UkraineAzovstal08-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=600\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 3dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 288dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov2-print\/24UkraineAzovstal08-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1200\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov2-print\/24UkraineAzovstal08-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1800\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 1dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 96dpi)\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov2-print\/merlin_207244713_d1a51fc4-7ea2-4f84-af09-f4d2930f7b96-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov2-print\/merlin_207244713_d1a51fc4-7ea2-4f84-af09-f4d2930f7b96-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov2-print\/merlin_207244713_d1a51fc4-7ea2-4f84-af09-f4d2930f7b96-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov2-print\/merlin_207244713_d1a51fc4-7ea2-4f84-af09-f4d2930f7b96-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"A photo provided by the Azov Regiment showing Ukrainian soldiers sheltering inside the steel plant.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-large css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\"><figcaption class=\"css-vwjwk3 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">A photo provided by the Azov Regiment showing Ukrainian soldiers sheltering inside the steel plant.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Dmytro Kozatsky\/Azov Regiment, via Associated Press<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The city many of them saw now was an incomprehensible horror. Several fighters described streets littered with corpses that were being devoured by starving cats and dogs.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cI love cats,\u201d said Ruslan, a fighter who arrived on a helicopter in April. \u201cI didn\u2019t know that a cat, when it\u2019s hungry, could eat a person.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Losses were heavy. Private Zherdev said his top commander and another officer were killed by Russian fire on the second day. Private Zherdev lasted seven. He was sprayed with shrapnel from a rocket-propelled grenade, and one large piece lodged in the nape of his neck, threatening to paralyze or kill him if he moved.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">What saved him were the helicopters, which were still flying, barely. As his rescue helicopter lifted off, Private Zherdev recalled a loud pop and an explosion as a Russian rocket slammed into its fuselage. Somehow it remained aloft, but a second helicopter was knocked out of the sky, along with the wounded soldiers onboard, he said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">When he landed back in Ukrainian-held territory, Private Zherdev managed to record a video of his helicopter, its fuselage shredded and blackened by the explosion. It had made it back with one engine.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Another helicopter went out on April 7 and was hit by Russian ordnance only a few miles from Ukrainian territory, said Gen. Kyrylo Budanov, the commander of Ukraine\u2019s military intelligence service, who oversaw the helicopter operation. A rescue helicopter sent to look for survivors was also shot down, and the four Special Forces troops on board were killed along with its crew, he said.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">After that, Operation Air Corridor ended, General Budanov said. But it helped the forces at Azovstal withstand the Russian onslaught for more than a month longer.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cIsolated and surrounded, they fought,\u201d General Budanov said in an interview. \u201cWe brought them all we could, but, you understand, not as much as was necessary.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">What also changed the battle was the Starlink internet system that Flint\u2019s team had delivered on that first mission. Before, the civilians and fighters inside Azovstal had been almost completely cut off from the outside world.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Now, a siege seemingly out of World War II would become an online event. Videos from inside the factory began appearing on Telegram channels. Soldiers were suddenly in contact with their wives, who pleaded with world leaders to end the fighting. Captain Palamar began communicating with reporters, sending out videos and describing bunkers filled with hundreds of soldiers too badly wounded to fight.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The world could now peer inside Azovstal. What it saw was apocalyptic.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"link-1e813674\" class=\"css-xactqe eoo0vm40\">The Verge of Madness<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-e1uohf e73j0it0\">\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\">\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal10\/24UkraineAzovstal10-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=600\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 3dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 288dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal10\/24UkraineAzovstal10-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1200\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal10\/24UkraineAzovstal10-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1800\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 1dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 96dpi)\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal10\/merlin_206174130_082e1410-348c-4b67-86de-e8303a0a9a9b-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal10\/merlin_206174130_082e1410-348c-4b67-86de-e8303a0a9a9b-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal10\/merlin_206174130_082e1410-348c-4b67-86de-e8303a0a9a9b-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 768w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal10\/merlin_206174130_082e1410-348c-4b67-86de-e8303a0a9a9b-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1536w\" alt=\"This undated photo of a wounded man inside the plant was provided by the wife of a member of the Azov Regiment.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz- css-13wylk3 e1g7ppur0\"><figcaption class=\"css-1dwe8b2 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">This undated photo of a wounded man inside the plant was provided by the wife of a member of the Azov Regiment.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Via Associated Press<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-ma3api e11si9ry2\" data-testid=\"placeholder\">\n<div class=\"css-tux0zj e11si9ry3\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-overlay\">\n<div class=\"css-1en24j0 e11si9ry1\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-captionblock\">\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal11\/24UkraineAzovstal11-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=600\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 3dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 288dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal11\/24UkraineAzovstal11-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1200\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal11\/24UkraineAzovstal11-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1800\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 1dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 96dpi)\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal11\/merlin_206174133_4ce4695d-b677-4631-af58-45e1ca938bb3-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal11\/merlin_206174133_4ce4695d-b677-4631-af58-45e1ca938bb3-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal11\/merlin_206174133_4ce4695d-b677-4631-af58-45e1ca938bb3-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 768w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24UkraineAzovstal11\/merlin_206174133_4ce4695d-b677-4631-af58-45e1ca938bb3-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1536w\" alt=\"An undated photo provided by the wife of a member of the Azov Regiment showing a wounded man inside the plant.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz- css-13wylk3 e1g7ppur0\"><figcaption class=\"css-1dwe8b2 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">An undated photo provided by the wife of a member of the Azov Regiment showing a wounded man inside the plant.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Via Associated Press<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-ma3api e11si9ry2\" data-testid=\"placeholder\">\n<div class=\"css-tux0zj e11si9ry3\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-overlay\">\n<div class=\"css-1en24j0 e11si9ry1\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-captionblock\">Inside the field hospital at Azovstal, the wounded soldiers looked pale and deathlike. Crammed into a dark and dust-filled bunker, most were lying on the concrete floor. Their injuries were leaking and bloody, and where gangrene had set in, the flesh looked green and rotted.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Captain Palamar sent a reporter video and photos from the field hospital in late April, hoping to stir the world\u2019s sympathies with the suffering of his troops. A blackish mold now coated the food, the old and tattered bedding, even the weapons. Medicines were running so low that surgeons carried out amputations without sufficient anesthesia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Night and day, Russian ships and artillery units pounded the factory, while Russian jets fired rockets and bunker-busting munitions that began to degrade the bomb shelters.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<figure class=\"sizeMedium css-igpnju\" data-testid=\"VideoBlock\">\n<div class=\"css-bsn42l\">\n<div class=\"css-bsn42l\">\n<p><span class=\"css-1dv1kvn\">Video<\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-n27z15\">\n<div class=\"css-mm3pwi\">\n<div class=\"react-vhs-container\">\n<div id=\"c9b168f6-e3be-4574-8f6b-2c76c4d33702\" class=\"react-vhs-player vhs-container-namespace-hwX6aOr7 nytd-player-container vhs-no-touch vhs-m vhs-plugin-sharetools vhs-plugin-controlsOverlay\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<div class=\"vhs-plugin-controls-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"vhs-plugin-controls-gradient vhs-controls-active\"><\/div>\n<p><video id=\"video_1658673534282\" src=\"https:\/\/vp.nyt.com\/video\/hlsfmp4\/2022\/07\/21\/101617_1_vid-azovstal-palamar_wg\/master.m3u8\" preload=\"none\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/video><\/p>\n<div class=\"vhs-buffering-container\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"container-2at-4xhb\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css-y5g5d7 e1maroi60\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">The deputy commander of the Azov troops at the steel plant, Capt. Svyatoslav Palamar, issued a video statement from the group\u2019s Telegram account in April describing a powerful assault on the plant from land, air and sea. This video was clipped from that statement, which included English subtitles.<\/span><span class=\"css-cch8ym\"><span class=\"css-1dv1kvn\">Credit<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Handout: Azov Regiment<\/span><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Days after Captain Palamar sent his video, the hospital was hit directly, causing the ceiling to collapse and burying an unknown number of wounded fighters and their caregivers. Even as troops tried to pull their comrades from the rubble, the fighting continued.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThis is on the verge of madness,\u201d Dmytro Kozatsky, an Azov soldier, said in a video message used in a short Ukrainian documentary, recalling the constant attacks. \u201cYou realize that your friends are dead, they are lying here next to you. And on the other hand, you\u2019re walking and you rejoice, you are happy because you survived.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cI will remember this smell for a long time,\u201d he added. \u201cIt was the smell of blood.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">By then, the last Ukrainian units fighting outside the factory had retreated behind its walls.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Outside, Russian fighters ringed the factory\u2019s periphery, as correspondents from Russian state television and Russian war bloggers covered the assault. Several times, Russian infantry tried to break through Azovstal\u2019s perimeter but each time they were repelled.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\">\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraineazovstal12\/24ukraineazovstal12-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=600\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 3dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 288dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraineazovstal12\/24ukraineazovstal12-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1200\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraineazovstal12\/24ukraineazovstal12-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1800\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 1dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 96dpi)\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraineazovstal12\/merlin_206715831_aa630495-9722-4f5a-abeb-e8e22604c0d8-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraineazovstal12\/merlin_206715831_aa630495-9722-4f5a-abeb-e8e22604c0d8-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraineazovstal12\/merlin_206715831_aa630495-9722-4f5a-abeb-e8e22604c0d8-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraineazovstal12\/merlin_206715831_aa630495-9722-4f5a-abeb-e8e22604c0d8-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"Night and day, Russian ships and artillery units pounded the factory, while Russian jets fired rockets and bunker-busting munitions that began to degrade the bomb shelters.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-large css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\"><figcaption class=\"css-vwjwk3 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">Night and day, Russian ships and artillery units pounded the factory, while Russian jets fired rockets and bunker-busting munitions that began to degrade the bomb shelters.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Alexander Ermochenko\/Reuters<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-e0u4sc e11si9ry2\" data-testid=\"placeholder\">\n<div class=\"css-tux0zj e11si9ry3\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-overlay\">\n<div class=\"css-1rkceny e11si9ry1\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-captionblock\">In late April, Aleksandr Sladkov, a war correspondent for Russian state television, posted video of Russian troops wearing white armbands and carrying an assortment of small arms, preparing to storm Azovstal. The land around them was pounded into a twisted, wreckage-strewn wasteland and ahead of them was the towering factory.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThey\u2019ve tried to take this building three times already,\u201d Mr. Sladkov said, as artillery thundered in the distance. \u201cHonestly, I didn\u2019t think I would end up in this.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">But inside, it was worse. Ukrainian soldiers were scrounging for food and water, risking death from the constant shelling.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Earlier, the messages sent out by Captain Palamar and others at the plant were full of soldierly bravado. The troops were prepared to die with guns in their hands and become martyrs to Ukraine\u2019s glory, they said. But as the siege wore on, and food and water grew scarce, many of them began to hope for a negotiated end to the battle.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cWe are prepared to leave the city because there is nothing left to defend,\u201d Captain Palamar said in late April. \u201cWe consider that we\u2019ve fulfilled our mission. But we will continue to defend it until there is an order to retreat from our military leadership. And if we are going to leave, we are going to leave with our weapons.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"link-152632a6\" class=\"css-xactqe eoo0vm40\">Desperation<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\">\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov3-print\/24ukraine-azovstal13-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=600\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 3dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 288dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov3-print\/24ukraine-azovstal13-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1200\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov3-print\/24ukraine-azovstal13-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1800\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 1dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 96dpi)\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov3-print\/merlin_206334921_32a21ac2-9f7a-4706-8894-65280fa70633-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov3-print\/merlin_206334921_32a21ac2-9f7a-4706-8894-65280fa70633-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov3-print\/merlin_206334921_32a21ac2-9f7a-4706-8894-65280fa70633-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov3-print\/merlin_206334921_32a21ac2-9f7a-4706-8894-65280fa70633-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"Anna Zaitseva and her 6-month-old son, Svyatoslav, with a friend after evacuating. Her husband joined the Azov troops.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-large css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\"><figcaption class=\"css-vwjwk3 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">Anna Zaitseva and her 6-month-old son, Svyatoslav, with a friend after evacuating. Her husband joined the Azov troops.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Lynsey Addario for The New York Times<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The civilians were starving.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">By late April, Ms. Babeush and other adults in her bunker were rationed to a single meal a day, mostly a gruel of canned meat mixed with water. The 14 children got two meals a day, if they were lucky, starting with a breakfast of oatmeal that she mixed with a little flour and water and fried like a pancake. She recalled waking up one morning to find that a child had placed a drawing of a pizza on her bed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201c\u0422hey were starving and not getting vitamins,\u201d she said. \u201cOne woman was so weak that she was always stumbling, losing her balance, nearly fainting.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Ms. Zaitseva, who had fled to Azovstal with her husband and infant son on the second day of the war, suffered a concussion. Her mother broke her arm when a bomb landed nearby as they were heating baby formula.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Ms. Zaitseva\u2019s husband joined the Azov troops, moving into a different bunker. He visited his family to deliver food and candy with other soldiers, bringing a book of fairy tales for their son, Svyatoslav, along with a copy of \u201cRobinson Crusoe\u201d for his wife.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cI promised him that when he returned, we would have a little daughter, because it was always his dream to have a daughter,\u201d she said in an interview.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">That was the last time he visited.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Despair set in. People in the bunkers went weeks without seeing natural light or breathing clean air. People became irritable and cruel, occasionally fighting, said Anna Krylova, who sheltered with her daughter, who was then 14. Some became so desperate for an escape they began to drink from the bottles of alcohol-infused hand sanitizer installed during the Covid pandemic.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cIt was unbearable,\u201d Ms. Krylova said.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"link-9e5af48\" class=\"css-xactqe eoo0vm40\">Evacuation<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<figure class=\"sizeLarge css-igpnju\" data-testid=\"VideoBlock\">\n<div class=\"css-bsn42l\">\n<p><span class=\"css-1dv1kvn\">Video<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"css-11kuxu4\">\n<div class=\"css-122y91a\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-c7hxrg\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/20\/Vid-Azovstal-evacuation-image\/Vid-Azovstal-evacuation-image-videoSixteenByNine1050.jpg\" alt=\"Cinemagraph\" \/><video class=\"cinemagraph_video css-c7hxrg\" src=\"https:\/\/vp.nyt.com\/video\/2022\/07\/20\/101585_1_Vid-Azovstal-evacuation_wg_480p.mp4\" autoplay=\"autoplay\" loop=\"loop\" muted=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" data-testid=\"cinemagraph\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/video><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css-y5g5d7 e1maroi60\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">This footage, published to Telegram on May 1 by a member of the Azov Regiment and later verified by evacuees, shows the rescue operation to evacuate civilians from an Azovstal bomb shelter. For many civilians trapped in the plant\u2019s 36 underground shelters, it was the first time in weeks that they saw sunlight.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">By late April, Russian forces still had not broken through the perimeter. As many as 12,000 Russian troops had been bogged down in the fight. Thousands of rounds of ammunition had been used.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">From the bunkers, Azov soldiers began sharing videos of children in diapers fashioned from plastic bags, or wearing oversized Azovstal work uniforms. The children and their mothers pleaded to return home, to see the sun again.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThere is no escape from here,\u201d a teary-eyed woman said in one of the videos. \u201cThe children have not seen the sun in a month and a half.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Outside Mariupol, a group of women, mostly wives of the trapped soldiers, launched a campaign to save their husbands, appealing to world leaders and even earning an audience with Pope Francis at the Vatican.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cYou are our last hope,\u201d Kateryna Prokopenko, the wife of the Azov Regiment\u2019s commander, told the pope. \u201cI hope you can save their lives. Please don\u2019t let them die.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\">\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraine-azovstal16\/merlin_207350985_03f447c8-334e-469a-8d66-794f3aab80bd-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraine-azovstal16\/merlin_207350985_03f447c8-334e-469a-8d66-794f3aab80bd-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraine-azovstal16\/merlin_207350985_03f447c8-334e-469a-8d66-794f3aab80bd-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraine-azovstal16\/merlin_207350985_03f447c8-334e-469a-8d66-794f3aab80bd-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"Osnat Lubrani, the top United Nations representative in Ukraine, described the shock of arriving in Mariupol. \u201cThe word \u2018Dresden\u2019 came to my mind,\u201d she said.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-large css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\"><figcaption class=\"css-vwjwk3 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">Osnat Lubrani, the top United Nations representative in Ukraine, described the shock of arriving in Mariupol. \u201cThe word \u2018Dresden\u2019 came to my mind,\u201d she said.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Pavel Klimov\/Reuters<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">On April 26, the secretary general of the United Nations, Ant\u00f3nio Guterres, flew to Moscow with a proposal to open a humanitarian corridor for the civilians inside Azovstal. Mr. Putin, according to a United Nations readout of the meeting, agreed to the proposal \u201cin principle.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Four days later, near sunset, Ms. Krylova and her daughter clawed their way out of the subterranean bunker and emerged in the dying light. They were <a class=\"css-yywogo\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/05\/01\/world\/europe\/mariupol-steel-plant-evacuation.html\">put on a bus and driven out of the factory complex<\/a>where they were met by representatives from the United Nations and the Red Cross.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cAbove, the sky was so blue, so blue. Beautiful. There was quiet,\u201d Ms. Krylova said. \u201cAnd the ruined factory, like the apocalypse.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Osnat Lubrani, the top United Nations representative in Ukraine, described the shock of arriving in Mariupol to help coordinate the evacuations and passing makeshift graves on the side of the road.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThe word \u2018Dresden\u2019 came to my mind,\u201d she said in an interview, referring to the German city flattened by Allied firebombing in World War II.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The evacuations were harrowing. Bombing in the preceding days was so intense that civilians initially resisted coming out of Azovstal, she said. Just being at the plant, she said, was extremely dangerous, as shooting erupted. Yet over the next several days, every civilian was extracted from Azovstal.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\">\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraine-azovstal17\/merlin_206333613_3fa1b80b-a09e-4bf1-a942-3121bcf04000-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraine-azovstal17\/merlin_206333613_3fa1b80b-a09e-4bf1-a942-3121bcf04000-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraine-azovstal17\/merlin_206333613_3fa1b80b-a09e-4bf1-a942-3121bcf04000-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraine-azovstal17\/merlin_206333613_3fa1b80b-a09e-4bf1-a942-3121bcf04000-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"The evacuations were harrowing. Bombing in the preceding days was so intense that civilians initially resisted coming out of Azovstal.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-large css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\"><figcaption class=\"css-vwjwk3 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">The evacuations were harrowing. Bombing in the preceding days was so intense that civilians initially resisted coming out of Azovstal.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Lynsey Addario for The New York Times<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Each was escorted by the United Nations and Red Cross to a checkpoint in a coastal Ukrainian town that was under Russian control. They were strip searched and interrogated about their knowledge of Ukrainian forces at the plant, as Russian authorities pulled off the buses a handful of people deemed suspicious.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Some people chose to return to bombed-out neighborhoods in Mariupol in search of relatives. But the majority are now in the relative safety of western Ukraine.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">When she finally got a new cellphone, Ms. Babeush discovered that her parents, who remained in Mariupol, had survived. They had searched for her in late March and found the family cat, Liza, who was half-starved.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThey thought we had died,\u201d Ms. Babeush said of her parents. \u201cThank God everyone survived. Even Liza.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"link-2f44d98d\" class=\"css-xactqe eoo0vm40\">Surrender<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<figure class=\"sizeLarge css-igpnju\" data-testid=\"VideoBlock\">\n<div class=\"css-bsn42l\">\n<p><span class=\"css-1dv1kvn\">Video<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"css-11kuxu4\">\n<div class=\"css-122y91a\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-c7hxrg\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/20\/Vid-Azovstal-Surrender2-image\/Vid-Azovstal-Surrender2-image-videoSixteenByNine1050.jpg\" alt=\"Cinemagraph\" \/><video class=\"cinemagraph_video css-c7hxrg\" src=\"https:\/\/vp.nyt.com\/video\/2022\/07\/20\/101595_1_Vid-Azovstal-Surrender2_wg_480p.mp4\" autoplay=\"autoplay\" loop=\"loop\" muted=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" data-testid=\"cinemagraph\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/video><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css-y5g5d7 e1maroi60\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">This footage released by the Russian Defense Ministry on May 18 shows Ukrainian fighters from Azovstal, many of them injured and carried on stretchers, surrendering to Russian forces.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">For the soldiers at Azovstal, there was no reprieve. Even before the last civilians had left, the shelling resumed and continued intensely for about two weeks as Russian forces made their final push but the Ukrainians kept repelling them.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Sergeant Tsymbal said he texted with his brother, Anton, who was still inside the factory.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThey were waiting for help, that a miracle might occur,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The last exchange between the brothers was on May 14. Anton was killed in a mortar attack later that day.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Two days later, Ruslan, one of the Azov fighters, lost his leg.<\/p>\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov6-print\/merlin_210297408_8b1efa30-3d6f-4af8-84ac-019556a1f9c0-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov6-print\/merlin_210297408_8b1efa30-3d6f-4af8-84ac-019556a1f9c0-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov6-print\/merlin_210297408_8b1efa30-3d6f-4af8-84ac-019556a1f9c0-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov6-print\/merlin_210297408_8b1efa30-3d6f-4af8-84ac-019556a1f9c0-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"Ruslan, one of the Azov fighters, was among the first to be evacuated. He lost his leg.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-large css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\"><figcaption class=\"css-vwjwk3 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">Ruslan, one of the Azov fighters, was among the first to be evacuated. He lost his leg.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Daniel Berehulak for The New York Times<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cI can see flying toward me this sparking, whistling thing on a wire and suddenly it just cuts through my leg like a sausage,\u201d he said. \u201cI\u2019m screaming, \u2018I\u2019m bleeding out, I\u2019m bleeding out. Give me a tourniquet. Shoot me, shoot me.\u2019<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cAnd some guy runs up to me and says, \u2018Not today.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Ruslan \u2014 who gave only his first name to reduce risk to his brother, a soldier fighting the Russians in the east \u2014 was rushed to the field hospital in the bunker, where doctors performed a quick surgery and pumped him full of morphine.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">When he came to several hours later, he received a shock. He was on a stretcher surrounded by Russian soldiers, their faces covered by Balaklavas. He said a Russian commander told him to \u201chang in there.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">While Ruslan was unconscious, Ukraine\u2019s commanders in Kyiv had made a difficult choice. To spare the lives of the remaining fighters, they ordered the defenders of Azovstal <a class=\"css-yywogo\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/05\/17\/world\/europe\/ukraine-mariupol-fighters-surrender.html\">to surrender themselves as prisoners of war<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\">\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov5-print\/merlin_207627399_b80850b3-65dd-4ced-b504-7c6795cec954-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov5-print\/merlin_207627399_b80850b3-65dd-4ced-b504-7c6795cec954-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov5-print\/merlin_207627399_b80850b3-65dd-4ced-b504-7c6795cec954-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov5-print\/merlin_207627399_b80850b3-65dd-4ced-b504-7c6795cec954-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"To spare the lives of the remaining fighters, Ukraine&amp;rsquo;s commanders in Kyiv ordered the defenders of Azovstal to surrender themselves as prisoners of war.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-large css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\"><figcaption class=\"css-vwjwk3 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">To spare the lives of the remaining fighters, Ukraine\u2019s commanders in Kyiv ordered the defenders of Azovstal to surrender themselves as prisoners of war.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Associated Press<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Ruslan was among the first to be evacuated, as was Sergeant Medyanyk, who was uninjured and ordered to help carry the wounded out of the factory.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThere was a little disappointment,\u201d Sergeant Medyanyk said, \u201cbut deep in my soul, there was a joy that we would remain alive.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Others were less enthusiastic. Ruslan said he would never have surrendered if given the choice.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cWe would have fought to the end,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Some 2,500 fighters were taken to a prison camp on Russian-controlled territory in the Donetsk region. They were interrogated, locked into cramped cells and fed just enough to keep from dying of hunger.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">They were awakened at 6 each morning to music blaring from a loudspeaker: the Russian national anthem.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"link-30797a87\" class=\"css-xactqe eoo0vm40\">The Trade<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\">\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraine-azovstal21\/24ukraine-azovstal21-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=600\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 3dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 288dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraine-azovstal21\/24ukraine-azovstal21-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1200\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraine-azovstal21\/24ukraine-azovstal21-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1800\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 1dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 96dpi)\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraine-azovstal21\/merlin_209334744_f2fb4851-ef2e-44b3-8c0a-bc0b5fbd8ff2-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraine-azovstal21\/merlin_209334744_f2fb4851-ef2e-44b3-8c0a-bc0b5fbd8ff2-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraine-azovstal21\/merlin_209334744_f2fb4851-ef2e-44b3-8c0a-bc0b5fbd8ff2-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24ukraine-azovstal21\/merlin_209334744_f2fb4851-ef2e-44b3-8c0a-bc0b5fbd8ff2-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1600w\" alt=\"After intense negotiations, the Ukrainians and Russians agreed on a prisoner swap that saw 144 Ukrainians exchanged, most of them fighters from Azovstal.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-large css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\"><figcaption class=\"css-vwjwk3 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">After intense negotiations, the Ukrainians and Russians agreed on a prisoner swap that saw 144 Ukrainians exchanged, most of them fighters from Azovstal.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Ukrainian Defense Intelligence, via EPA<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">On June 29, at 1 a.m., a guard pulled Sergeant Medyanyk from his cell and told him he was being taken for further interrogation. He was put on a bus with other prisoners, many of them badly wounded. Ruslan, the stump of his leg now bandaged, was among them.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">They drove for hours.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">It was only when Sergeant Medyanyk saw Ukrainian soldiers that he realized that he was part of a trade. After intense negotiations, the Ukrainians and Russians had <a class=\"css-yywogo\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/06\/29\/world\/europe\/ukraine-prisoner-exchange-mariupol.html\">agreed on a prisoner swap<\/a> that saw 144 Ukrainians exchanged that day, most of them fighters from Azovstal.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Sergeant Medyanyk stepped down from the bus blinking in the bright summer sun. He was shocked to see his wife, Yulia Polyakova, the soldier in the Ukrainian National Guard. They had not spoken since March 1, and he feared she had died.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cWe locked eyes,\u201d he said. \u201cThere was unbelievable happiness.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Along with the other women in her unit, Ms. Polyakova had been told to stand down on the third day of the war, as the shelling in Mariupol intensified. She hid in the basement of the couple\u2019s apartment building until it was hit by a shell and burned to the ground.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Then she had fled the city on foot.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">She made it as far as the outskirts when she was arrested at a checkpoint manned by Russian forces. They had searched her phone, discovered that she was the wife of an Azov soldier and taken her into custody. They called her a fascist and made her sing the Russian national anthem. They told her that her husband was most likely dead.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cAzov fighters are not taken prisoner,\u201d she said they told her. \u201cThey are shot on sight.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">She alone from her prison camp was selected as part of the same trade that freed her husband. Ukrainian officials had pressed for their release for the sake of their children, who had been left in the care of an ailing grandmother.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cWhen I saw him, I simply \u2014 I\u2019m even crying now,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Today, the other surviving soldiers from Azovstal are being held at a prison camp in a Russia-controlled part of eastern Ukraine. The commanders, including Captain Palamar, were transferred to Russia and are being held in Moscow\u2019s Lefortovo Prison, a place of torture during Stalin\u2019s purges.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Ukraine\u2019s leaders have vowed to bring them back alive, but Russian officials are threatening to charge some of them with war crimes. Of the dead, so far the bodies of more than 400 soldiers have been returned to Ukrainian-held territory for burial.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">An unknown number remain entombed in the ruins of Azovstal.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\">\n<div class=\"css-zm41gc\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><picture class=\"css-1j5kxti\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov1-print\/24ukraine-azovstal22-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=600\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 3dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 288dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov1-print\/24ukraine-azovstal22-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1200\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov1-print\/24ukraine-azovstal22-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale&amp;width=1800\" media=\"(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 1dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 96dpi)\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov1-print\/merlin_208510251_4d0d45a4-8cd9-4db0-b482-e4ec1fba49e9-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov1-print\/merlin_208510251_4d0d45a4-8cd9-4db0-b482-e4ec1fba49e9-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov1-print\/merlin_208510251_4d0d45a4-8cd9-4db0-b482-e4ec1fba49e9-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2022\/07\/24\/world\/24azov1-print\/merlin_208510251_4d0d45a4-8cd9-4db0-b482-e4ec1fba49e9-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"The Azovstal plant patrolled by a Russian soldier in June, in a photograph taken during a visit to Mariupol organized by the Russian military.\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-full css-i9mk6q e1g7ppur0\"><figcaption class=\"css-1mi456l ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\">The Azovstal plant patrolled by a Russian soldier in June, in a photograph taken during a visit to Mariupol organized by the Russian military.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span>Sergei Ilnitsky\/EPA, via Shutterstock<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-joqanw e11si9ry2\" data-testid=\"placeholder\">\n<div class=\"css-tux0zj e11si9ry3\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-overlay\">\n<div class=\"css-1rsoa6x e11si9ry1\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-captionblock\">\u00a0<em>Additional Reporting and Video Production: Brent McDonald<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-798hid etfikam0\"><em>Graphics: Marco Hernandez<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-798hid etfikam0\"><em>Michael Schwirtz is an investigative reporter with the International desk. With The Times since 2006, he previously covered the countries of the former Soviet Union from Moscow and was a lead reporter on a team that won the 2020 Pulitzer Prize for articles about Russian intelligence operations<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">That morning, the general director of Azovstal, an industrial behemoth with more than 11,000 workers, convened his board. The director, Enver Tskitishvili, went on a war footing, deciding to power down the blast furnaces and cease operations for the first time since World War II.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Then the board made a decision that would shape the battle for eastern Ukraine.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Deep beneath the steel plant were 36 bomb shelters, a legacy of the Cold War. The shelters, some more than 20 feet underground, had enough food to feed thousands of people for several weeks. Believing the fighting would not last long, Mr. Tskitishvili and the other executives saw the plant as a sanctuary and invited employees to come there with their families.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<section id=\"azovstal-steel-plant\" class=\"interactive-content interactive-size-scoop css-1yis4ty\" data-id=\"100000008380015\" data-source-id=\"100000008380015\">\n<header id=\"interactive-header\" class=\"css-cl76n0 interactive-header\">\n<h2 id=\"interactive-headline\" class=\"css-mtc3zd interactive-headline\">Destruction at the Azovstal Steel Plant<\/h2>\n<p id=\"interactive-leadin\" class=\"css-1qa9noj interactive-leadin\" data-testid=\"leadin\">Satellite images from Planet Labs show the scale of the damage to the steel plant that served as one of the last refuges for Ukrainian fighters in Mariupol. Numbered areas are shown in detail below the main image. Red circles indicate shelters.<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"css-17ih8de interactive-body\" data-sourceid=\"100000008380015\">\n<div id=\"g-azovstal_plant_planet-box\" class=\"ai2html ai2html-responsive ai2html-resizer\">\n<div id=\"g-azovstal_plant_planet-900\" class=\"g-artboard\" data-aspect-ratio=\"0.468\" data-min-width=\"600\" data-max-width=\"1049\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"g-azovstal_plant_planet-900-img\" class=\"g-azovstal_plant_planet-img g-aiImg\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/newsgraphics\/2022\/06\/22\/azovstal-plant\/38aed3c1db473b3ae9f36d74354cfd20be1e7884\/azovstal_plant_planet-900.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/newsgraphics\/2022\/06\/22\/azovstal-plant\/38aed3c1db473b3ae9f36d74354cfd20be1e7884\/azovstal_plant_planet-900.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"g-symbol-layer g-squares\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"g-symbol-layer g-squares\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Sources: Planet Labs (images showing destruction, taken May 1, 2022); Google (prewar images, taken July 5, 2020)<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<footer id=\"interactive-footer\" class=\"css-nt2azn interactive-footer\">\n<p id=\"interactive-credit\" class=\"css-1648plh interactive-credit\" data-testid=\"credit\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">By Marco Hernandez<\/span><\/p>\n<\/footer>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Last Stand at Azovstal: Inside the Siege That Shaped the Ukraine War, The New York Times, 7.24.2022 &nbsp; We waited until today to post, as The New York Times has done it again with an extraordinary and absolutely critical front page story in today&#8217;s Sunday edition. The Russian war of aggression in Ukraine may well [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1001004,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13704"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1001004"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13704"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13704\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13713,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13704\/revisions\/13713"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13704"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13704"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13704"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}