{"id":14542,"date":"2023-04-17T04:48:20","date_gmt":"2023-04-17T11:48:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/?p=14542"},"modified":"2023-04-18T04:55:05","modified_gmt":"2023-04-18T11:55:05","slug":"rival-generals-are-battling-for-control-in-sudan-heres-a-simple-guide-to-the-fighting-cnn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/?p=14542","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;Rival generals are battling for control in Sudan. Here\u2019s a simple guide to the fighting&#8221;, CNN"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>By\u00a0Nima Elbagir,\u00a0Tamara Qiblawi\u00a0and\u00a0Amarachi Orie, April 17, 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/cnn.com\/2023\/04\/17\/africa\/sudan-fighting-evacuation-suspension-intl-hnk\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Fierce fighting across Sudan<\/a>\u00a0has left hopes for a peaceful transition to civilian rule in tatters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Forces loyal to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2023\/04\/16\/africa\/sudan-military-clashes-explained-intl\/index.html\">two rival generals<\/a> are vying for control, and as is so often the case civilians have suffered the most, with dozens killed and hundreds injured.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"mailto:?subject=CNN%20content%20share&amp;body=Check%20out%20this%20article%3A%0Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2023%2F04%2F16%2Fafrica%2Fsudan-military-clashes-explained-intl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><video poster=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/230416114641-al-burhan-dagalo-split.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_540,w_960,c_fill\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Doctors\u2019 organizations and several eyewitnesses said medical facilities were being bombarded with military strikes&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/africa\/live-news\/sudan-clashes-04-17-23\/h_9047118e717cf7385a5e0a75fa6a7b79\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">in targeted attacks<\/a>, as clashes between the Sudanese army and paramilitary ramped up for the third day. Both sides later denied shelling hospitals, in comments to CNN.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here\u2019s what you need to know.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"paragraph-5e1ef28c-c7ad-1e92-16f2-898d60d3ca3e\">A power struggle is at the center of the fighting<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>At the heart of the clashes are two men: Sudan\u2019s military leader Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and the commander of the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Until recently, they were allies. The pair worked together to topple&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2019\/04\/11\/africa\/sudan-unrest-intl\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ousted Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir<\/a>&nbsp;in 2019 and played a pivotal role in the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2021\/10\/25\/africa\/sudan-coup-explained-intl-cmd\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">military coup<\/a>&nbsp;in 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, tensions arose during negotiations to integrate the RSF into the country\u2019s military as part of plans to restore civilian rule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The key question: who would be subordinate to who under the new hierarchy.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These hostilities, sources told CNN, are the culmination of what both parties view as an existential fight for dominance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"paragraph-9810de14-006b-e873-0359-89d37855299a\">Sudan is no stranger to upheaval&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>It is difficult to overstate how seismic Bashir\u2019s overthrow was. He had led the country for nearly three decades when popular protests that began over soaring bread prices toppled him from power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During his rule, South Sudan split from the north while the International Criminal Court issued an arrest warrant for Bashir alleged war crimes in Darfur, a separatist Western region.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After Bashir\u2019s ouster, Sudan was ruled by an uneasy alliance between the military and civilian groups.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That all ended in 2021, when the power-sharing government was dissolved by armed forces.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"paragraph-acfa4bef-a99a-f8b6-ba0a-898d4b322bb3\">The RSF has a controversial past<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Rapid Support Forces are the preeminent paramilitary group in Sudan, whose leader, Dagalo, has enjoyed a rapid rise to power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During Sudan\u2019s&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2022\/04\/25\/africa\/darfur-sudan-clashes-deaths-intl\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Darfur conflict<\/a>&nbsp;in the early 2000s, he was the leader of Sudan\u2019s notorious&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2019\/06\/13\/africa\/sudan-crisis-overview-trnd\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Janjaweed forces<\/a>, implicated in human rights violations and atrocities.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An international outcry saw Bashir formalize the group into paramilitary forces known as the Border Intelligence Units.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2007, its troops became part of the country\u2019s intelligence services and, in 2013, Bashir created the RSF, a paramilitary group overseen by him and led by Dagalo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dagalo turned against Bashir in 2019, but not before his forces opened fire on an anti-Bashir, pro-democracy sit-in in Khartoum,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2019\/06\/20\/africa\/sudan-crackdown-rsf-wedeman-intl\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">killing at least 118 people<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He was later appointed deputy of the transitional Sovereign Council that ruled Sudan in partnership with civilian leadership.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"paragraph-2c6336dd-2884-d31a-1345-8a608dc379a2\">The two rivals mirror each other<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Burhan is essentially Sudan\u2019s leader. At the time of Bashir\u2019s toppling, Burhan was the army\u2019s inspector general.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>His career has run an almost parallel course to Dagalo\u2019s.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He also rose to prominence in the 2000\u2019s for his role in the dark days of the Darfur conflict, where the two men are believed to have first came into contact.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Al-Burhan and Dagalo both cemented their rise to power by currying favor with the Gulf powerhouses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They commanded separate battalions of Sudanese forces, who were sent to serve with the Saudi-led coalition forces in Yemen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now they find themselves locked in a power struggle.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"paragraph-77d88c01-c6b2-76cb-d73c-900fc8655d45\">\u2018Attempted coup\u2019<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Speaking with CNN, Burhan, characterized the RSF offensive as an \u201cattempted coup.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThis is an attempted coup and rebellion against the state,\u201d Burhan told CNN by phone. He said that RSF leader Dagalo had \u201cmutinied\u201d against the state, and if captured, would be tried in court of law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Burhan alleged in the CNN interview that the RSF had tried to \u201ccapture me and kill me.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When asked about that claim, an RSF spokesperson told CNN that the group was \u201cseeking to capture him\u201d and bring him to justice for \u201cmany treasons acts against the Sudanese people.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe are fighting for all Sudanese people,\u201d the spokesperson said in a statement. \u201cWe [are] going to bring all responsible parties to justice and give them a fair trial.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When challenged on why the Sudanese people should trust him, given his former alliance with Dagalo, Burhan told CNN: \u201cThe Sudanese Army is the people\u2019s army.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt is not owned by specific people or specific organizations,\u201d he said. \u201cIt is a national institution, which is tasked with defending Sudan.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"paragraph-25524139-8db7-2bb3-9329-898d96cf21f5\">Sudan faces an uncertain future<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Where the fighting will end is unclear. Both sides claim control over key sites and fighting has been reported across the country in places far from the capital Khartoum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While various official and non-official estimates place the Sudanese armed forces at around 210-220,000, the RSF are believed to number approximately 70,000 but are better trained and better equipped.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>International powers have expressed alarm, with the UN Security Council holding its first meeting on the crisis in Sudan on Monday. Apart from concerns over civilians there are likely other motivations at play \u2013 Sudan is resource-rich and strategically located.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2022\/07\/29\/africa\/sudan-russia-gold-investigation-cmd-intl\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CNN has previously reported<\/a>&nbsp;on how Russia has colluded with Sudan\u2019s military leaders to smuggle gold out of Sudan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dagalo\u2019s forces were a key recipient of Russian training and weaponry, and Sudan\u2019s military leader Burhan is also believed by CNN\u2019s Sudanese sources to have been backed by Russia, before international pressure forced him to publicly disavow the presence of the Russian mercenary group Wagner, in Sudan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sudan\u2019s neighbors Egypt and South Sudan have offered to mediate, but in the meantime all that is certain is more misery for the Sudanese people.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CNN\u2019s AnneClaire Stapleton contributed reporting.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By\u00a0Nima Elbagir,\u00a0Tamara Qiblawi\u00a0and\u00a0Amarachi Orie, April 17, 2023 Fierce fighting across Sudan\u00a0has left hopes for a peaceful transition to civilian rule in tatters. Forces loyal to two rival generals are vying for control, and as is so often the case civilians have suffered the most, with dozens killed and hundreds injured. Doctors\u2019 organizations and several eyewitnesses [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1001004,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14542"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1001004"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14542"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14542\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14543,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14542\/revisions\/14543"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14542"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14542"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14542"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}