{"id":15194,"date":"2024-02-20T23:44:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-21T07:44:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/?p=15194"},"modified":"2025-03-04T03:08:14","modified_gmt":"2025-03-04T11:08:14","slug":"issue-of-the-week-148","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/?p=15194","title":{"rendered":"Issue of the Week: Human Rights"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2024\/02\/23\/multimedia\/23instakids-nyfw1-qfmh\/23instakids-nyfw1-qfmh-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" alt=\"Young girls on a runway.\" style=\"width:1026px;height:684px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>A Marketplace of Girl Influencers Managed by Moms and Stalked by Men<\/em>, The New York Times, Feb. 22, 2024<br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The End Of Civilization As We Knew It: Part Twenty Three<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We have updated this piece from its initial presentation as a result of an extraordinary New York Times investigative journalism front page article released online about 24 hours after posting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When civilization finally crashes into the abyss, the one place you won&#8217;t be able to point your finger at is the investigative journalist team at The New York Times which has created the most extraordinary group of reports dominating front page covers over the past few years on the issue of child sexual abuse and its partner in a new level of exponential perpetration, corporate technology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We continue to focus on this issue from last week&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/?p=15183\">Issue Of The Week<\/a>, not just as a follow-up to the last Issue (and many before on this subject), and not just because it is the single most grotesque example of evil in our species, and not just because the damage from it to individuals and society is the single worst example of what is unsustainable about humanity unless it is turned around from expanding to in the main being ended (absolutely doable with the cultural and political will)&#8211;but because the example of the Times is beyond exemplary and the issue now investigated is as teachable a moment as it gets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There have been many moments and examples and studies given of the abuse of boys being virtually as widespread as the abuse of girls&#8211;and of women being perpetrators, and the enablers in chief, as well as men. The point of the point is the reminder that in the end this is an issue of the most vulnerable being abused by power that is supposed to protect them&#8211;by men, women, all adults.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The best known modern popular work on mysogyny, &#8220;The Girl With The Dragon Tattoo,&#8221; got this point in. The original Swedish film version is incredible, but in part plays into the idea of the child protecting the mother rather than the other way around. The American version of the film made it unmistakably clear that child sex abuse was at the core of the rot as well as the convergence of all evil being in the abuse of power (and the connection between neo-nazis, racism, sexism, child abuse and the power of the haves over the have nots), being downright terrifyingly prophetic in 2009 and 2011 looking back now. The author here went to the American version in the theaters in 2011 with their teen daughter, who commented that it was clear at the end that child sex abuse was at the genesis of the story. When the journalist protagonist finds the woman who had been thought murdered as a teen but in fact had faked death to escape the ongoing rape by her father and brother (also raped by the father), justifiably being forced to kill her father in the escape, he asked her, &#8220;Why didn&#8217;t you tell anyone?&#8221; She responded, &#8220;I did. I told my mother.&#8221; Who did nothing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are many ways in different contexts and societies in which gender and gender inequality are very much factors in child abuse in various ways, twisted and twisting like the fibers of a rope with many other factors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All reduced to one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The abuse of power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And as we&#8217;ve kept pointing out there is no abuse of power and of children that equals that of incest and other abuse by parents. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And if you don&#8217;t get that as easily as having a random thought, then for the sake of the children, the species and the planet, wrap up for a long walk&#8211;as long as it takes&#8211;until the obvious becomes obvious. No one and nothing impacts us at every level like our parents and our families of origin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When we hear that half of all children on earth are abused, neglected, victims of violence, it&#8217;s a shock that can often be followed by numbness, then tossed out of consciousness because it demands action in an age of dumbed down narcissism like none before.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And among activists too there has been a strange regression. For instance in the context of violence and war, the phrase &#8220;women and children&#8221; has had a resurgence after the proper phrase &#8220;children and adults&#8221; had begun to replace the former outmoded, sexist, anti-child, brain-rotted phrase. Journalists we respect in other regards succumb to it. Women are more important than and more vulnerable than children, and men don&#8217;t exist in this phrase-making. It&#8217;s the summation of all inequality and abuse established by a patriarchal controlled commentariat meant to put women on a pedastal in shackles going back centuries, with children an afterthought and men allowed to exist only as superhuman.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Isn&#8217;t that just great. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And so reassuring in 2024. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Children come second at best, women are infantalized and men as equal vulnerable beings don&#8217;t exist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Part of owning equality for women and men, <em>and most importantly the prioitizing and protection of children<\/em>, is being clear that women are just as responsible as men for the harm of children and that all adults have equal responsibility in their nurturing and protection. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Which brings us to the Times&#8217; most recent brilliant contribution to truth telling.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The emphasis in media and throughout the culture worldwide of social media would literally be impossible to overstate, as well as the attention given it in terms of harm to children in countless ways. It&#8217;s like a petri dish for creating disordered minds, especially for children in their most crtical developmental stages. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Which mirrors the larger role of mental, emotional and spiritual corruption social media is playing in the war between democracy and human rights and dictatorship and brutality writ large across the planet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>No greater cause and effect than the influence of social media, and no more horrific example of the degree of corruption of the human species exemplified by the selling of daughters by their mothers (you know, the natural protectors in the animal world), for the sake of their own images and profit&#8211;selling in many ways, but specifically to pedophiles, as the focus of The New York Times piece.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here it is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2024\/02\/22\/us\/instagram-child-influencers.html\">A Marketplace of Girl Influencers Managed by Moms and Stalked by Men<\/a>&#8221; &#8211; The New York Times<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By&nbsp;Jennifer Valentino-DeVries&nbsp;and&nbsp;Michael H. Keller, Feb. 22, 2024<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For this investigation, the reporters analyzed 2.1 million Instagram posts, monitored months of online chats of professed pedophiles and interviewed over 100 people, including parents and children.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"article-summary\"><em>Seeking social media stardom for their underage daughters, mothers post images of them on Instagram. The accounts draw men sexually attracted to children, and they sometimes pay to see more.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>. . .<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This box represents a real photo of a 9-year-old girl in a golden bikini lounging on a towel.&nbsp;The photo was posted on her Instagram account, which is run by adults.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>wooowww<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mama mia &#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x1f970;&#x1f4af;&#x1f917;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Great body&#x1f60d;&#x1f525;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Love<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Perfect bikini body<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x1f60b;&#x1f60b;&#x1f60b;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mmmmmmmmm take that bikini off<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x1f525;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You\u2019re sooooo hot<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x1f917;&#x1f48b;&#x1f33a;&#x1f339;&#x1f339;&#x1f4af;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Y\u2019all are dogs! She\u2019s a child.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x1f44f;&#x1f60d;&#x1f44f;&#x1f60d;&#x1f44f;&#x1f60d;&#x1f44f;&#x1f60d;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The ominous messages began arriving in Elissa\u2019s inbox early last year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cYou sell pics of your underage daughter to pedophiles,\u201d read one. \u201cYou\u2019re such a naughty sick mom, you\u2019re just as sick as us pedophiles,\u201d read another. \u201cI will make your life hell for you and your daughter.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Elissa has been running her daughter\u2019s Instagram account since 2020, when the girl was 11 and too young to have her own. Photos show a bright, bubbly girl modeling evening dresses, high-end workout gear and dance leotards. She has more than 100,000 followers, some so enthusiastic about her posts that they pay $9.99 a month for more photos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Over the years, Elissa has fielded all kinds of criticism and knows full well that some people think she is exploiting her daughter. She has even gotten used to receiving creepy messages, but these \u2014 from \u201cInstamodelfan\u201d \u2014 were extreme. \u201cI think they\u2019re all pedophiles,\u201d she said of the many online followers obsessed with her daughter and other young girls.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Elissa and her daughter inhabit the world of Instagram influencers whose accounts are managed by their parents. Although the site prohibits children under 13, parents can open so-called mom-run accounts for them, and they can live on even when the girls become teenagers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But what often starts as a parent\u2019s effort to jump-start a child\u2019s modeling career, or win favors from clothing brands, can quickly descend into a dark underworld dominated by adult men, many of whom openly admit on other platforms to being sexually attracted to children, an investigation by The New York Times found.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thousands of accounts examined by The Times offer disturbing insights into how social media is reshaping childhood, especially for girls, with direct parental encouragement and involvement. Some parents are the driving force behind the sale of photos, exclusive chat sessions and even the girls\u2019 worn leotards and cheer outfits to mostly unknown followers. The most devoted customers spend thousands of dollars nurturing the underage relationships.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The large audiences boosted by men can benefit the families, The Times found. The bigger followings look impressive to brands and bolster chances of getting discounts, products and other financial incentives, and the accounts themselves are rewarded by Instagram\u2019s algorithm with greater visibility on the platform, which in turn attracts more followers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One calculation performed by an audience demographics firm found 32 million connections to male followers among the 5,000 accounts examined by The Times.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Interacting with the men opens the door to abuse. Some flatter, bully and blackmail girls and their parents to get racier and racier images. The Times monitored separate exchanges on Telegram, the messaging app, where men openly fantasize about sexually abusing the children they follow on Instagram and extol the platform for making the images so readily available.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s like a candy store &#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;&#x1f60d;,\u201d one of them wrote. \u201cGod bless instamoms &#x1f64c;,\u201d wrote another.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The troubling interactions on Instagram come as social media companies increasingly dominate the cultural landscape and the internet is seen as a career path of its own.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nearly&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/theharrispoll.com\/briefs\/lego-group-kicks-off-global-program-to-inspire-the-next-generation-of-space-explorers-as-nasa-celebrates-50-years-of-moon-landing\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">one in three preteens<\/a>&nbsp;list influencing as a career goal, and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/morningconsult.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/The-Influencer-Report-Engaging-Gen-Z-and-Millennials.pdf\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">11 percent of those born in Generation Z<\/a>, between 1997 and 2012, describe themselves as influencers. The so-called creator economy surpasses $250 billion worldwide, according to Goldman Sachs, with U.S. brands spending more than $5 billion a year on influencers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Health and technology experts&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/05\/23\/health\/surgeon-general-social-media-mental-health.html\">have recently cautioned<\/a>&nbsp;that&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/interactive\/2023\/09\/20\/well\/family\/13-year-old-girls-social-media-self-esteem.html\">social media presents<\/a>&nbsp;a \u201cprofound risk of harm\u201d for&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/facebook-knows-instagram-is-toxic-for-teen-girls-company-documents-show-11631620739\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">girls<\/a>. Constant comparisons to their peers and face-altering filters are driving negative feelings of self-worth and promoting objectification of their bodies, researchers found.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But the pursuit of online fame, particularly through Instagram, has supercharged the often toxic phenomenon, The Times found, encouraging parents to commodify their children\u2019s images. Some of the child influencers earn six-figure incomes, according to interviews.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI really don\u2019t want my child exploited on the internet,\u201d said Kaelyn, a mother in Melbourne, Australia, who like Elissa and many other parents interviewed by The Times agreed to be identified only by a middle name to protect the privacy of her child.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cBut she\u2019s been doing this so long now,\u201d she said. \u201cHer numbers are so big. What do we do? Just stop it and walk away?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In investigating this growing and unregulated ecosystem, The Times analyzed 2.1 million Instagram posts, monitored months of online chats of professed pedophiles and reviewed thousands of pages of police reports and court documents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reporters also interviewed more than 100 people, including parents in the United States and three other countries, their children, child safety experts, tech company employees and followers of the accounts, some of whom were convicted sex offenders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is how The Times found its sample of 5,000 mom-run accounts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An 11-year-old girl sits under a beach umbrella in red lipstick and a polka dot bathing suit. With her legs beneath her, she wears heart-shaped sunglasses and blows a kiss.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A 7-year-old girl faces the camera in athletic shorts and top. She\u2019s doing a standing split in front of a wall of roses and a neon sign reading \u201cHello Gorgeous.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A 10-year-old girl stands in a garden with hand on hip, wearing a Santa-themed one-piece, a sparkly Santa hat and knee-high socks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A 5-year-old girl does a standing split outdoors in a two-piece leotard with a white top and hot-pink bottom. Her right hand hangs in the air, and she looks at the camera through pink glasses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Accounts<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A 9-year-old girl in a&nbsp;<strong>white frilly leotard<\/strong>pulls her leg over her head while arching her back.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A 9-year-old girl in a&nbsp;<strong>pink bikini top and tight shorts<\/strong>&nbsp;jumps with outstretched hands. She is wearing Mickey Mouse ears.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A 9-year-old girl in a&nbsp;<strong>short white top, white flared stretch pants,<\/strong>black heels and red lipstick stares back at the camera over her shoulder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A 9-year-old girl in heavy rouge and a&nbsp;<strong>red two-piece leotard<\/strong>does a standing split outside, tugging her knee above her head.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A 9-year-old girl waves her hands and raises her leg in a&nbsp;<strong>pink cut-out leotard<\/strong>&nbsp;and leopard-print heels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A 9-year-old girl does a standing split in a&nbsp;<strong>two-piece,<\/strong>&nbsp;a brown hat and brown high-heeled boots.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A 9-year-old girl in hoop earrings,&nbsp;<strong>green sports bra,<\/strong>&nbsp;black sneakers and red lipstick pouts at the camera with her hair blowing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A 9-year-old girl wearing makeup, jewelry and an&nbsp;<strong>orange bikini top and hot pants<\/strong>&nbsp;does a back-bend split outside a garage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An 8-year-old girl smiles for a headshot wearing a pink denim vest over a&nbsp;<strong>two-piece leotard.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An 8-year-old girl does a standing split in red lipstick, heart-shaped sunglasses and a&nbsp;<strong>red top<\/strong>&nbsp;with her upper torso facing the camera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An 8-year-old girl smiles with a second-place award for a dance competition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An 8-year-old girl poses in a&nbsp;<strong>pink bikini,<\/strong>knee-high socks and roller skates holding a giant 8 balloon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Not racy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Racy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Not racy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Racy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Racy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Not racy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Racy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Racy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Not racy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Racy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Not racy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Racy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A girl in early adolescence opens a lace robe to reveal a string bikini with ruffles on top. She looks at the camera in heavy eyeshadow, making a kissy face.<br><br>Classified as racy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Super &#x2764;&#xfe0f;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That is such a cute swimsuit!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x1f44f;&#x1f44f;&#x1f44f;&#x1f984;&#x1f984;&#x1f984;&#x1f430;&#x1f430;&#x1f430;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I will sleep with you in future. Remember my ID. I fall in love with you. It\u2019s Sincerely. I know you will be waiting for me.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mom clearly isn\u2019t monitoring the comments section<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Absolutely Gorgeous!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;&#x2764;&#xfe0f;Very nice<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Is this an advert for pedos? This content shouldn&#8217;t be posted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Love that teen body..<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yummie<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x1f90f;&#x1f90f;&#x1f90f;&#x1f90f;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cover up you&#8217;re a little girl &#x1f613;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These are examples of posts from the mom-run accounts. To protect the identity of minors, their photos will be described rather than shown.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To identify the accounts, first, reporters searched for Instagram hashtags associated with child influencers. The Times then wrote a computer program to surface similar accounts they followed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Only those with more than 500 followers and multiple images of&nbsp;<strong>children in form-fitting or revealing attire<\/strong>&nbsp;were included in the analysis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reporters used software from Microsoft and Google to classify how suggestive the images were.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Suggestive posts are more likely to receive \u201clikes\u201d and comments, The Times found. On average, as the accounts gather more followers, they draw a higher proportion of males, according to analysis of data from analytics firms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The accounts range from dancers whose mothers diligently cull men from the ranks of followers, to girls in skimpy bikinis whose parents actively encourage male admirers and sell them special photo sets. While there are some mom-run accounts for boys, they are the exception.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some girls on Instagram use their social media clout to get little more than clothing discounts; others receive gifts from Amazon wish lists, or money through Cash App; and still others earn thousands of dollars a month by selling subscriptions with exclusive content.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In interviews and online comments, parents said that their children enjoyed being on social media or that it was important for a future career. But some expressed misgivings. Kaelyn, whose daughter is now 17, said she worried that a childhood spent sporting bikinis online for adult men had scarred her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cShe\u2019s written herself off and decided that the only way she\u2019s going to have a future is to make a mint on OnlyFans,\u201d she said, referring to a website that allows users to sell adult content to subscribers. \u201cShe has way more than that to offer.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She warned mothers not to make their children social media influencers. \u201cWith the wisdom and knowledge I have now, if I could go back, I definitely wouldn\u2019t do it,\u201d she said. \u201cI\u2019ve been stupidly, na\u00efvely, feeding a pack of monsters, and the regret is huge.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Account owners who report explicit images or potential predators to Instagram are typically met with silence or indifference, and those who block many abusers have seen their own accounts\u2019 ability to use certain features limited, according to the interviews and documents. In the course of eight months, The Times made over 50 reports of its own about questionable material and received only one response.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Meta, Instagram\u2019s parent company, found that 500,000 child Instagram accounts had \u201cinappropriate\u201d interactions every day, according to an internal study in 2020 quoted in legal proceedings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In a statement to The Times, Andy Stone, a Meta spokesman, said that parents were responsible for the accounts and their content and could delete them anytime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cAnyone on Instagram can control who is able to tag, mention or message them, as well as who can comment on their account,\u201d Mr. Stone added, noting a feature that allows parents to ban comments with certain words. \u201cOn top of that, we prevent accounts exhibiting potentially suspicious behavior from using our monetization tools, and we plan to limit such accounts from accessing subscription content.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Influencers use TikTok, too, but Instagram is easier for parents to navigate and better suited to the kinds of photos that brands want. It is also home to a longstanding network of parents and brands that predated TikTok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>From time to time, Instagram removes child-influencer accounts for unspecified reasons or because people flag them as inappropriate, The Times found. In extreme cases, parents and photographers have been arrested or convicted of child exploitation, but barring evidence of illegal images, most of the activity does not draw the attention of law enforcement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Like many parents, Elissa, who received the threatening messages about her daughter\u2019s photos, said she protected her daughter by handling the account exclusively herself. Ultimately, she concluded, the Instagram community is dominated by \u201cdisgusting creeps,\u201d but she nonetheless keeps the account up and running. Shutting it down, she said, would be \u201cgiving in to bullies.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The account\u2019s risks became apparent last spring when the person messaging her threatened to report her to the police and others unless she completed \u201ca small task.\u201d When she did not respond, the person emailed the girl\u2019s school, saying Elissa sold \u201cnaughty\u201d pictures to pedophiles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Days later, the girl tearfully explained to her mother that school officials had questioned her about the Instagram account. They showed her images that her mother had posted \u2014 one of the girl in hot pants and fishnets, another in a leotard and sweatshirt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Elissa had reported the blackmail to the local sheriff, but school officials only dropped the matter after an emotional interrogation of the girl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI was crying,\u201d the girl said in an interview. \u201cI was just scared. I didn\u2019t understand what was going on.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"link-689ffa2\">\u2018Walking Advertising\u2019<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In today\u2019s creator economy, companies often turn to social media influencers to attract new customers. Giants like Kim Kardashian, who has 364 million followers on Instagram, have turned the phenomenon into a big business.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Young girls strive to do the same.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the dance and gymnastics worlds, teens and preteens jockey to become brand ambassadors for products and apparel. They don bikinis in Instagram posts, walk runways in youth fashion shows and offer paid subscriptions to videos showing the everyday goings-on of children seeking internet fame.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Of the tens of thousands of companies that participate in the overall influencer economy, about three dozen appeared most frequently in the accounts reviewed by The Times. For many of them, child influencers have become \u201cwalking advertising,\u201d supplanting traditional ad campaigns, said Kinsey Pastore, head of marketing for LA Dance Designs, a children\u2019s dance wear company in South Florida.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2024\/02\/23\/multimedia\/23instakids-LAdesign-tcqk\/23instakids-LAdesign-tcqk-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" alt=\"Mannequins with bright athletic clothing for girls.\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Microinfluencers have been a lucrative investment for LA Dance Designs, a children\u2019s dance wear company.Credit&#8230;Scott McIntyre for The New York Times<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe costumed somebody for \u2018So You Think You Can Dance\u2019 thinking that would be huge P.R., but we ended up finding out the bigger return on investment is these microinfluencers,\u201d she said. \u201cWe have parents that will spend thousands of dollars to buy styles that no one else will have. That\u2019s our best market.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The most successful girls can demand $3,000 from their sponsors for a single post on Instagram, but monetary gain can be elusive for others, who receive free or discounted clothes in exchange for their posts and have to pay for their own hairstyling and makeup, among other costs. Even youth fashion shows, including events in New York that coincide but are not affiliated with New York Fashion Week, charge the girls to participate and charge their parents to attend.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In interviews, parents defended spending the money to promote their daughters\u2019 influencer ambitions, describing them as extracurricular activities that build confidence, develop friendships and create social media r\u00e9sum\u00e9s that will follow them into adulthood.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s like a little security blanket,\u201d said a New Jersey mother whose mom-run account has led to paid modeling jobs for her daughter and invitations to work with sought-after choreographers. \u201cShe can help pay for college if she does it right,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A mother in Alabama said parents couldn\u2019t ignore the reality of this new economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cSocial media is the way of our future, and I feel like they\u2019ll be behind if they don\u2019t know what\u2019s going on,\u201d the mother said. \u201cYou can\u2019t do anything without it now.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One 12-year-old girl in Maryland, who spoke with The Times alongside her mother, described the thrill of seeing other girls she knows wear a brand she represents in Instagram posts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cPeople are actually being influenced by me,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2022, Instagram launched paid subscriptions, which allows followers to pay a monthly fee for exclusive content and access. The rules don\u2019t allow subscriptions for anyone under 18, but the mom-run accounts sidestep that restriction. The Times found dozens that charged from 99 cents to $19.99. At the highest price, parents offered \u201cask me anything\u201d chat sessions and behind-the-scenes photos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Child safety experts warn the subscriptions and other features could lead to unhealthy interactions, with men believing they have a special connection to the girls and the girls believing they must meet the men\u2019s needs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI have reservations about a child feeling like they have to satisfy either adults in their orbit or strangers who are asking something from them,\u201d said Sally Theran, a professor at Wellesley College and clinical psychologist who studies online relationships. \u201cIt\u2019s really hard to give consent to that when your frontal lobe isn\u2019t fully developed.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Instagram isn\u2019t alone in the subscription business. Some parents promote other platforms on their mom-run accounts. One of them, Brand Army, caters to adult influencers but also has \u201cjunior channel\u201d parent-run subscriptions ranging from free to $250 monthly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cMessage me anytime. You will have more opportunities for buying and receiving super exclusive content&#x1f618;,\u201d read a description for a $25 subscription to a minor\u2019s account. For $100 a month, subscribers can get \u201clive interactive video chats,\u201d unlimited direct messages and a mention on the girl\u2019s Instagram story.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2024\/02\/23\/multimedia\/23instakids-nyfw1-qfmh\/23instakids-nyfw1-qfmh-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" alt=\"Young girls on a runway.\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A fashion show for girls that was held in New York this month. Parents often pay for their children to participate in such events.Credit&#8230;Natalie Keyssar for The New York Times<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The Times subscribed to several accounts to glean what content is being offered and how much money is being made. On one account, 141 subscribers liked a photo only available to those who paid $100 monthly, indicating over $14,000 in subscription revenue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The New York Times would like to hear from readers who want to share messages and materials with our journalists.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/tips?action=click&amp;module=RelatedLinks&amp;pgtype=Article\">nytimes.com\/tips<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some of the descriptions also highlight the revealing nature of photos. One account for a child around 14 years old encouraged new sign-ups at the end of last year by branding the days between Christmas and New Year\u2019s as \u201cBikini Week.\u201d An account for a 17-year-old girl advertised that she wasn\u2019t wearing underwear in a workout photo set and, as a result, the images were \u201cuh \u2026 a lot spicier than usual.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The girl\u2019s \u201cElite VIP\u201d subscription costs $250 a month.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Brand Army\u2019s founder, Ramon Mendez, said that junior-channel users were a minority on his platform and that moderating their pages had grown so problematic that he discontinued new sign-ups.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019ve removed thousands of pieces of content,\u201d he said. \u201cThe parents\u2019 behavior is just disgusting. We don\u2019t want to be part of it.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"link-184c8b69\">\u2018The Wealth of the Wicked\u2019<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cYou are so sexy,\u201d read one comment on an image of a 5-year-old girl in a ruffled bikini. \u201cThose two little things look great thru ur top,\u201d said another on a video of a girl dancing in a white cropped shirt, who months later posted pictures of her 11th birthday party.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For many mom-run accounts, comments from men \u2014 admiring, suggestive or explicit \u2014 are a recurring scourge to be eradicated, or an inescapable fact of life to be ignored. For others, they are a source to be tapped.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe first thing I do when I wake up and the last thing I do when I go to bed is block accounts,\u201d said Lynn, the mother of a 6-year-old girl in Florida who has about 3,000 followers from the dance world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another mother, Gail from Texas, described being desensitized to the men\u2019s messages. \u201cI don\u2019t have as much of an emotional response anymore,\u201d she said. \u201cIt\u2019s weird to be so numb to that, but the quantity is just astounding.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Meta does not provide public information about who uses Instagram, so The Times analyzed data from the audience firms Modash and HypeAuditor, which estimate follower demographics based on their own algorithms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The proportion of male followers varied greatly in The Times\u2019s sample, according to the estimates. Many accounts had a few thousand followers who were mostly female. But while men accounted for about 35 percent of the audience overall, their presence grew dramatically as accounts became more popular. Many with more than 100,000 followers had a male audience of over 75 percent, and a few of them over 90 percent, the analysis showed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To be sure, not all men following the accounts have bad intentions. Some are grandparents and fathers of the young influencers. Many have inoffensive profiles and simply post compliments or greetings, and mothers react appreciatively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2024\/02\/23\/multimedia\/23instakids-nyfw2-qmpt\/23instakids-nyfw2-qmpt-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" alt=\"Spectators with their iPhones out.\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Audience members recorded the girls\u2019 fashion show.Credit&#8230;Natalie Keyssar for The New York Times<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIn responding or even hitting \u2018like\u2019 on it, it boosts your algorithm,\u201d said a mother in Florida whose 16-year-old daughter has been an Instagram influencer for six years. \u201cWe tried shutting comments off at one point, and some of the brands didn\u2019t like that.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Brands that feature children from mom-run accounts face similar challenges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dean Stockton, who runs a small clothing company in Florida called Original Hippie, often features girls from the Instagram accounts, who earn a commission when customers use personalized discount codes. After initially deleting many male followers, he now sees them as a way to grow the account and give it a wider audience because the platform rewards large followings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe Bible says, \u2018The wealth of the wicked is laid up for the righteous,\u2019\u201d he said. \u201cSo sometimes you got to use the things of this world to get you to where you need to be, as long as it\u2019s not harming anybody.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mr. Stockton said he deleted male followers who were disrespectful or sexual in their interactions. An examination by The Times of the three dozen brands that are popular among mom-run accounts found inappropriate, predatory or pornographic followers in almost all of the brands\u2019 accounts, including Original Hippie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Many of the men posted pornography, or their bios included sexual language and emojis that child protection experts say pedophiles can use to signal interest in children. For instance, one follower of a children\u2019s dance wear brand described himself as a \u201cthong &amp; anl sx lover.\u201d A user named \u201csexy_69nazi\u201d followed a children\u2019s apparel company and exclusively posted pornography.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chixit, a brand selling swimwear and other clothing, describes itself as \u201can International Sorority,\u201d but business records show that it was run by Philip Russo, who advertised himself as a tutor operating out of his home in the Hudson Valley of New York. Other websites registered to Mr. Russo\u2019s email are a tutoring business and inactive domain names describing sex with animals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After The Times reached out to Mr. Russo, the website for his tutoring business went offline. He did not respond to multiple messages seeking comment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"link-6bce4b1b\">\u2018Girls Become a Currency\u2019<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The vast world of child-influencer followers on Instagram includes men who have been charged with or convicted of sex crimes, and those who engage in forums off platform where child sexual abuse imagery, including of girls on Instagram, is shared.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Times traced the account of one follower, who goes by the moniker \u201cjizzquizz,\u201d to a man named Joshua V. Rubel, 39. He was convicted in 2008 of sexually assaulting a 15-year-old girl and is listed on the New Jersey sex offender registry. (Instagram\u2019s policy bars sex offenders from using the platform, and the company said it removed two accounts after The Times pointed them out.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another account belongs to Daniel Duane Huver, a man in Lansing, Mich., who told law enforcement in 2018 that he had \u201ctop fan status\u201d on girls\u2019 pages, a designation bestowed by Instagram\u2019s sister company, Facebook. The police searched Mr. Huver\u2019s cellphone after it was confiscated by his probation officer and found hundreds of images and videos of children, including many considered inappropriate and sexually suggestive and two believed to be illegal (showing minors engaged in explicit acts.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mr. Huver told officers he was sexually attracted to children and masturbated to images of them, according to police records. He was charged with possession of child sexual abuse material, but the prosecutor in Eaton County later dropped charges, citing insufficient evidence because of the poor quality of the imagery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mr. Rubel did not respond to requests for comment. Mr. Huver said that the police mischaracterized his words and that the lack of prosecution was evidence he had done nothing wrong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In monitoring multiple Telegram chat rooms, The Times found men who treat children\u2019s Instagram pages and subscription services as menus to satisfy their fantasies. They trade information about parents considered receptive to producing and selling \u201cprivate sets\u201d of images.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A group with more than 4,000 members was highly organized, with an F.A.Q. page and a Google sheet that tracked nearly 700 children, identifying them by hashtags to help members find them within the long chat history. The group\u2019s logo showed a child\u2019s hand in an adult hand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Times asked the Canadian Center for Child Protection, an organization that monitors online child exploitation, to review links and other potentially illegal material posted by the Telegram groups and elsewhere. The center identified child sexual abuse imagery involving multiple underage Instagram models from around the world, as well as sexualized videos of others, including a preteen girl wearing a thong and a young teenager raising her dress to show her bikini bottom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Men in these groups frequently praise the advent of Instagram as a golden age for child exploitation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI\u2019m so glad for these new moms pimping their daughters out,\u201d wrote one of them. \u201cAnd there\u2019s an infinite supply of it \u2014 literally just refresh your Instagram Explore page there\u2019s fresh preteens.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A small group of men go even further and cultivate business and patronage relationships with mothers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One man posts videos and photos on Instagram of girls thanking him for shopping sprees, gifts like iPhones and iPads, and cash. If he does not receive a message of gratitude quickly, he sometimes shames the mother and daughter on his private Instagram account.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another makes recommendations about increasing visibility by using specific hashtags and photographers. But two mothers said they became suspicious, and stopped working with the man, after he suggested they make certain their daughters\u2019 nipples and other private areas could be detected through their outfits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A third man tried to persuade a mother to sell her daughter\u2019s used leotards because many men, including himself, were \u201ccollectors,\u201d according to a recording of the conversation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIn retrospect I feel like such a stupid mom, but I\u2019m not stupid,\u201d said a mother of a young gymnast, who dealt with similar men before she realized they were predators and received threatening messages from several of them. \u201cI didn\u2019t understand what grooming was.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sometimes the men flirt or try to develop virtual romances with mothers, offer to protect them and become possessive and angry if they interact with other men.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s almost like the girls become a currency,\u201d said the gymnast\u2019s mother, who did not want to be named.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This feeling of ownership and jealousy can drive attempts at blackmail, The Times found.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Instamodelfan, who sent threatening messages to Elissa, sent blackmail threats to at least five other mom-run accounts. When one mother responded, he demanded that she sexually abuse her child and send him photos and videos, emails to the mother show. She refused and contacted law enforcement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Times communicated with a person identified on Telegram as Instamodelfan who said that he lashed out at the mothers because he believed other men got illegal images of children and he wanted them for himself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reporters also received information from an anonymous tipster, who they later found was linked to the blackmailer, indicating that some parents had produced explicit imagery of their daughters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Canadian center reviewed the imagery and said it included illegal nude photos of two girls. One girl\u2019s mother said she was shaken to learn of the photos and did not know who could have made them. The other girl, now 17, said in an interview that the photos were for her and a girlfriend and that she told law enforcement that they had been stolen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Others images either were borderline illegal, were too poor quality to be conclusive or were digitally altered, the center said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Several mothers who had been identified by the tipster said they reached out to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, which, they said, had conducted an investigation. The F.B.I. declined to comment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ultimately, the gymnast\u2019s mother said, a federal agent told them to stop talking to men online.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThey told everyone to get off Instagram,\u201d she said. \u201c\u2018You\u2019re in over your head. Get off.\u2019 That\u2019s what they told us.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"link-3fb176be\">\u2018My Limit of Pedophiles\u2019<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Meta failed to act on multiple reports made by parents and even restricted those who tried to police their own followers, according to interviews and materials provided by the parents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If parents block too many followers\u2019 accounts in a day, Meta curtails their ability to block or follow others, they said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI remember being told, like, I\u2019ve reached my limit,\u201d said a mother of two dancers in Arizona who declined to be named. \u201cLike what? I reached my limit of pedophiles for today. OK, great.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mr. Stone, the Meta spokesman, said \u201cthere are lots of reasons an account might face limitations or restrictions based the account\u2019s activity,\u201d and therefore it was difficult to know why parents encountered these problems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ms. Pastore of LA Dance Designs said it was \u201cvery much overdue\u201d for Instagram to add the ability to filter by age and sex to help identify suspicious followers. \u201cIf you\u2019re starting to gain a following, there needs to be some sort of way to control it,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2024\/02\/23\/multimedia\/23instakids-LAdesign-pastor-wtlc\/23instakids-LAdesign-pastor-wtlc-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" alt=\"A young blond woman poses in a studio filled with colorful fabric.\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Kinsey Pastore, head of marketing at LA Dance Designs, said Instagram needed to offer a better way to filter out followers.Credit&#8230;Scott McIntyre for The New York Times<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Even some egregious violations led to no action by Meta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One parent reported a photo of erect male genitalia sent in a direct message. Another reported an account that reposted children\u2019s photos with explicit captions. A third reported a user who propositioned her child for sex, offering $65,000 for \u201can hour\u201d with the girl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In response to those three reports, Meta said either that the communications did not violate \u201ccommunity guidelines\u201d or that its staff did not have time to review them. In other cases, Meta told parents that it relied on its \u201ctechnology\u201d to determine the content was \u201cprobably\u201d not a violation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Separately, The Times found comments that included links to sites identified by the Canadian center as trading illegal, nude imagery of children. None of those reports received a response from Meta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Former Meta trust and safety employees described an organization overwhelmed despite knowing about the problem for years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cYou hear, \u2018I reported this account, it was harassing my daughter, why is he back?\u2019\u201d said a former investigator for the company who requested anonymity. \u201cThere are not enough people, resources and systems to tackle all of it.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In recent years, conspiracy theories like QAnon, which claims Democratic politicians are trafficking children, has led to an excess of unfounded reports that have muddled the evaluation of child abuse tips, three former Meta trust and safety employees said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A 2020 document that surfaced in a lawsuit described child safety as a \u201cnon-goal\u201d at Meta. \u201cIf we do something here, cool,\u201d the document said. \u201cBut if we do nothing at all, that\u2019s fine too.\u201d The lawsuit was brought against Meta and other companies claiming damage from using social media. Lawyers for the plaintiffs declined to provide more information about the document.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In documents from 2018 included in a separate lawsuit making similar claims of harm, a top Facebook executive told Instagram\u2019s chief executive that unless changes were made, Facebook and Instagram were \u201cbasically massive \u2018victim discovery services,\u2019\u201d an allusion to the considerable evidence of abuse on the platforms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mr. Stone, the Meta spokesman, disputed the suggestion that the trust team was understaffed and underfunded, saying that 40,000 employees worked on safety and security and that the company had invested $20 billion in such efforts since 2016. He also referred to a previous statement about the lawsuits, saying they \u201cmischaracterize our work using selective quotes and cherry-picked documents.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, he noted that Meta reported more suspected child abuse imagery to the authorities than any other company each year. In December, it announced&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/12\/06\/technology\/meta-messenger-encryption.html\">plans to encrypt<\/a>&nbsp;its messaging services, which would reduce the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"link-782a1ddc\">\u2018It\u2019s All Over Instagram\u2019<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Experts in child protection and development say young people should never be made to have negative feelings about their bodies. But clothing that is appropriate in a gym or dance competition may take on an unintended meaning when shared online.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Children\u2019s dance attire regularly features strappy bra tops, sheer fabric and bikini bottoms, and popular cheer outfits combine sports bras with little skirts \u2014 part of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2013\/05\/12\/fashion\/clothing-straddles-the-line-between-sweet-and-skimpy.html\">a long-term trend<\/a>&nbsp;toward more revealing clothing for girls.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIn the dance world we\u2019re in, they\u2019re half naked all the time and their legs are in the air,\u201d said a mother in Massachusetts who declined to be named. \u201cAnd if you\u2019re not used to seeing that, maybe it\u2019s different.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lynn, whose granddaughter in Texas is an ambassador for a cheerleading brand, said there was no logic to the reactions her posts received. Photos of the girl\u2019s feet attract the most extreme comments, she said. \u201cYou can\u2019t stop weird people, I guess.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Still, many of the would-be influencers suffer. In some instances criticism of the posts, and accompanying bullying, becomes so severe that mothers turn to home-schooling.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cShe got slaughtered all through primary school,\u201d said Kaelyn, the mother in Melbourne. \u201cChildren were telling her, \u2018We can\u2019t play with you because my mom said too many perverts follow you on the internet.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the United States, parents have substantial leeway in making decisions about their children. But people who suspect illegal behavior on Instagram quickly discover that the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/interactive\/2019\/09\/28\/us\/child-sex-abuse.html\">authorities are overwhelmed<\/a>&nbsp;and typically focus on the clearest-cut cases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Even the most unsettling images of sexualized child influencers tend to fall into a legal gray area. To meet the&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/18\/2256\" target=\"_blank\">federal definition<\/a>&nbsp;of so-called child pornography, the law generally requires a \u201clascivious exhibition\u201d of the anal or genital area, though&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/casetext.com\/case\/us-v-knox-16\" target=\"_blank\">courts<\/a> have found the requirement can be met without nudity or sheer clothing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There have been criminal prosecutions against parents accused in child sexual abuse cases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In Louisiana last year, a mother was arrested and charged with working with a photographer to produce illegal images of her daughter in a thong bikini. In Texas, a mother was sentenced to 32 years in prison in December for producing nude photos of her 8-year-old daughter with the same photographer. And in North Carolina, a mother is awaiting trial on charges that she took her 15-year-old daughter to a photographer who sexually abused her and she failed to get medical help when the girl tried to kill herself, according to court documents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Still, those prosecutions are rare, and some male followers of the mom-run accounts openly welcome the windfall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cAs long as this stuff legally exists, I just enjoy it :),\u201d one of them wrote on Telegram.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cExactly,\u201d another responded. \u201cIt\u2019s all over Instagram.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The \u201ctext in box\u201d style used throughout this article represents real images posted publicly to Instagram. The text describes what each image depicts. The responses were taken from real comments and emojis associated with the posts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Danielle Ivory&nbsp;and&nbsp;Karen Yourish&nbsp;contributed reporting.&nbsp;Julie Tate&nbsp;contributed research. Produced by&nbsp;Aliza Aufrichtig&nbsp;and&nbsp;Rumsey Taylor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/by\/jennifer-valentino-devries\">Jennifer Valentino-DeVries<\/a>&nbsp;is an investigative reporter at The Times who often uses data analysis to explore complex subjects.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/by\/jennifer-valentino-devries\">More about Jennifer Valentino-DeVries<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/by\/michael-h-keller\">Michael H. Keller<\/a>\u00a0is a Times reporter who combines traditional reporting and computer programming. His work has examined technology\u2019s impact on society and shortcomings of the criminal justice system.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/by\/michael-h-keller\">More about Michael H. Keller<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>. . .<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>To be continued.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The End Of Civilization As We Knew It: Part Twenty Three We have updated this piece from its initial presentation as a result of an extraordinary New York Times investigative journalism front page article released online about 24 hours after posting. When civilization finally crashes into the abyss, the one place you won&#8217;t be able [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1001004,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[55,54],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15194"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1001004"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15194"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15194\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16147,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15194\/revisions\/16147"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15194"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15194"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worldcampaign.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15194"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}